Iyini insimbi ohlakeni lwebhampa langemuva lemoto
Isakhiwo sensimbi ngaphakathi kwebhampa yangemuva yemoto sivame ukubizwa ngokuthi i-anti-collision steel beam (eyaziwa ngokuthi "i-bar iron"), esetshenziswa kakhulu ukumunca nokusabalalisa amandla okushaya ngesikhathi sokushayisana ukuze kuvikelwe isakhiwo sangemuva semoto.
Umsebenzi kanye nesakhiwo
Imishayo yensimbi elwa nokushayisana iyizivikelo zensimbi ezixhumanisa imishayo emide yomzimba wemoto, ngokuvamile eyenziwe ngamapuleti ensimbi noma amapuleti ensimbi, futhi zinamandla aphezulu kanye nokumelana nokushayisana. Uma kwenzeka ingozi, inganciphisa ngempumelelo izinga lomonakalo wemoto futhi iqinisekise ukuphepha kwabagibeli.
Umehluko wemodeli yemoto
Amanye amamodeli ezimoto (njengezimoto zaseJapane) angasebenzisa izinto ze-foam esikhundleni sezinsimbi zokulwa nokushayisana kwensimbi ukuze anciphise izindleko, kodwa imiklamo enjalo ingabangela ukushintshwa okusheshayo kwesakhiwo somzimba wemoto ezingozini ezinkulu.
Isakhiwo sensimbi ngaphakathi kwebhampa yangemuva yemoto sivame ukubizwa ngokuthi uhlaka lwebhampa yangemuva (olufingqiwe ngokuthi insimbi yebhampa yangemuva), futhi imisebenzi yaso eyinhloko ihlanganisa:
Munca amandla okushayisana
Uma kwenzeka ingozi ngemuva kwemoto, insimbi yebhampa yangemuva isebenza "njengendawo yokuvimba amandla", imunca futhi isakaze amandla okushaya ngokusebenzisa izinto zayo ezinamandla aphezulu (njengensimbi enamandla aphezulu noma i-aluminium alloy), inciphisa umonakalo esakhiweni somzimba wemoto.
Sekela uhlelo lwebhampa
Njengesakhiwo esisekelayo se-bumper, insimbi ye-bumper yangemuva iqinisekisa ukuthi i-bumper ifakwe kahle ngemuva kwemoto futhi igcina isimo sayo sizinzile ngesikhathi sokusetshenziswa kwansuku zonke. Uma uhlaka lonakele kakhulu, lungabangela ukuthi i-bumper yonakale noma iwe.
Hlola ubukhulu bengozi
Umonakalo ohlakazekile ungenye yezinkomba ezibalulekile zokunquma ubukhali bengozi. Ukuguquguquka okukhulu noma ukuphuka kuvame ukukhombisa ukuthi imoto ithinteke kakhulu, okungathinta ukuphepha kwesakhiwo somzimba wemoto.
Vikela ukuphepha komzimba wemoto
Ngokusabalalisa amaphuzu aphethe amandla ngendlela enengqondo, insimbi yebhampa yangemuva inganciphisa ingozi yokulimala kwezingxenye ezibalulekile zomzimba wemoto (njengethangi likaphethiloli, isiqu, njll.), ivikele ngokungaqondile ukuphepha kwabagibeli.
Uhlaka lwebhampa langaphambili kanye nomqadi wokulwa nokushayisana akuzona izinto ezifanayo, kodwa zihlobene ngokusebenza kwazo:
Umehluko wesakhiwo nokusebenza
Uhlaka lwebhampa langaphambili luyidivayisi elungisa futhi isekele indlu yebhampa. Ngokuyinhloko yakhiwe ngomsebe oyinhloko, ibhokisi elibamba amandla kanye nepuleti lokufaka. Umsebenzi wayo oyinhloko ukuvikela isakhiwo sangaphambili semoto nokusekela indlu yebhampa.
I-anti-collision beam iyithuluzi lokuphepha elifihliwe ngaphakathi kwe-bumper, elisetshenziselwa ukumunca amandla nokunciphisa umthelela emzimbeni wemoto ngesikhathi sokushayisana. Ngokuvamile lenziwe ngezinsimbi (njenge-aluminium alloy, amapayipi ensimbi) noma ipulasitiki eqinile futhi livame ukubonakala ezimweni zokushayisana kwezimoto ezisheshayo. Izinsimbi zokulwa nokushayisana kwensimbi zisetshenziswa kakhulu kumamodeli aphakathi kuya kwaphezulu, kuyilapho izinsimbi zokulwa nokushayisana kwepulasitiki zivame ukutholakala kumamodeli anentengo ephansi.
"Ukufaneleka"
Kwamanye amamodeli, uhlaka lwebhampa langaphambili kanye nomqadi wokulwa nokushayisana kungabelana ngesakhiwo sebhampa eliyinhloko, kodwa owokuqala ugxile ekuvikelweni kokubukeka kanti owokugcina ugcizelela ukuvikelwa kokuphepha kokushayisana. Isibonelo, ekwakhiweni kwamabhampa ensimbi, womabili angasetshenziswa ngokuhlanganiswa; Amabhampa epulasitiki avame ukuqukatha uhlaka lwebhampa langaphambili kuphela.
Umthelela wokushintsha uhlaka lwebhampa yangemuva emotweni uncike esizathwini sokushintsha, ikhwalithi yenqubo kanye nohlobo lwezingxenye. Kuhilela kakhulu ukusebenza kokuphepha, inani lemoto kanye nokuhlukaniswa kwengozi. Kodwa-ke, uma ukusebenza kujwayelekile futhi umonakalo mncane, umthelela uphelele unqunyelwe.
Ukusebenza kokuphepha kwe-Youdaoplaceholder0 kuthinta
Uhlaka lwebhampa elingemuva, njengesakhiwo esisekelayo sebhampa, ukuthi ukushintshwa kwalo kuthinta ukuphepha kuncike ezingeni lomonakalo kanye nenqubo yokulungisa:
Uma uhlaka lukhubazekile kancane noma lonakele kancane, ukulushintsha ngezingxenye zokuqala zasefektri noma zekhwalithi ephezulu kanye nokulufaka yisitolo sokulungisa esingochwepheshe kuzoba nomthelela omncane ekusebenzeni kokuphepha kwemoto futhi kungabuyisela ngisho nekhono layo lokuqala lokuvikela.
Kodwa-ke, uma uhlaka lushintshwa lonke ngenxa yokushayisana okukhulu futhi ukulungiswa kuhilela ukusika noma ukushisela umzimba wemoto, kungenza buthaka amandla esakhiwo somzimba wemoto, kuthinte ukusebenza kahle kokumuncwa kwamandla ngesikhathi sokushayisana, futhi ngaleyo ndlela kunciphise ukuphepha.
Umthelela wenani lemoto ye-Youdaoplaceholder0
Ukushintsha uhlaka lwebhampa langemuva kungaba nomthelela omubi enanini lemoto esetshenzisiwe, kodwa izinga liyahlukahluka kuye ngesimo:
Isizathu sokufaka esikhundleni se-Youdaoplaceholder0: Uma ukufaka esikhundleni kubangelwa umthelela wengozi, imoto ingahlukaniswa ngokuthi "imoto yengozi", ngokuncipha okukhulu kwenani. Uma ifakwa esikhundleni ngenxa yokuguga okuvamile noma imihuzuko emincane, umthelela uzoba mncane kakhulu.
I-Youdaoplaceholder0 Amasu okulungisa kanye nezesekeli : Ukusebenzisa izingxenye zasefektri zokuqala kanye nokufakwa kobungcweti kunganciphisa ukulahleka kwenani ngezinga elikhulu; Ngakolunye uhlangothi, izingxenye zomgunyathi noma ubuciko obungahlelekile kungaholela ekubukekeni okungahlelekile kanye nezikhala eziningi, okwenza ukwehla kwenani kube kubi kakhulu.
Uhlobo lwemoto ye-Youdaoplaceholder0 : isisindo senani lezingxenye zokuqala zamamodeli aphezulu siphezulu, futhi ukwehla kwenani kusobala kakhulu ngemva kokushintshwa. Umthelela wamamodeli anenani eliphakathi kuya kweliphansi ulinganiselwe.
Ukunqunywa kwesigaba sengozi se-Youdaoplaceholder0
Ukuthi ukushintshwa kohlaka lwebhampa langemuva kuwela ngaphansi kwesigaba "sezimoto ezinkulu zezingozi" kudinga ukuhlolwa okuphelele:
Uhlaka nomzimba kuxhunywe ngamabhawodi futhi akusona isakhiwo esihlanganisiwe. Ukufakwa esikhundleni okulula akuchazi ngokuzenzakalelayo njengengozi enkulu. Isihluthulelo sisekutheni umzimba wonakele yini.
Uma ukufakelwa kuhilela ukulungiswa kwendawo kohlaka futhi kungekho ukusika noma ukushisela umzimba wemoto, ngokuvamile kubhekwa njengengozi encane. Uma uhlaka lukhubazekile kakhulu futhi ludinga ukushintshwa lonke, luhambisana nomonakalo emzimbeni wemoto, lunganqunywa njengemoto enkulu yengozi.
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