Irediyetha yemoto: "Umqaphi wokupholisa" wenjini
I-radiator yemoto, eyaziwa ngokwesayensi ngokuthi i-radiator, iyisici esiyinhloko sohlelo lokupholisa injini olupholiswe ngamanzi futhi ingabhekwa "njengomqaphi wokupholisa" wenjini. Lapho injini isebenza, ukushisa kukaphethiloli kukhiqiza ukushisa okukhulu. Uma lokhu kushisa kungasuswa ngokushesha, izinga lokushisa lesilinda lizokhuphuka kakhulu. Ezimweni ezincane, lokhu kungaholela ekunciphiseni kwamandla kanye nokwanda kokusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli. Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, kungabangela amaphutha amakhulu njengokuguqulwa kwesilinda kanye nokubanjwa kwesilinda, okufinyeza ngqo impilo yenkonzo yenjini.
Umgomo wokupholisa we-radiator usekelwe ekushintsheni kokushisa kanye nokujikeleza kwegazi. Ixhunywe ejazini lamanzi lenjini ngamapayipi amanzi. I-coolant, eqhutshwa yiphampu yamanzi, ijikeleza njalo phakathi kwenjini ne-radiator. Lapho i-coolant eshisayo igeleza ingena ku-radiator, izodlulisela ukushisa ngesakhiwo sephini se-core ye-radiator iye emoyeni ozungezile. Ngesikhathi sokushayela, isivinini somoya esivela ngaphambili kanye nomphumela wokumunca wefeni kuzosheshisa ukujikeleza komoya, kususe ngokushesha ukushisa futhi kupholise i-coolant ibuyele enjinini. Lokhu kujikeleza okunamandla kugcina injini isebenza njalo ngaphakathi kwebanga lokushisa elifanele lokusebenza elingu-85°C - 95°C.
Ngaphezu kokupholisa okuyisisekelo, i-radiator nayo inomsebenzi wokulungisa ohlakaniphile. Ngesikhathi sasebusika lapho injini iqala emazingeni okushisa aphansi, i-thermostat izovala okwesikhashana iluphu yokujikeleza kwamanzi ukuze ivumele i-coolant ukuthi ijikeleze ngaphakathi enjinini, isize injini ukuthi ifudumale ngokushesha ifike ezingeni lokushisa elifanele futhi inciphise ukuguguleka kokuqala kokubanda; ehlobo lapho izinga lokushisa liphezulu noma lapho ishayela ngesivinini esiphezulu isikhathi eside, ifeni izoqala ngokuzenzakalelayo ukuthuthukisa ukujikeleza komoya, kuhlanganiswe nomoya wangaphambili ukuze kuqiniswe ukushabalaliswa kokushisa, kuvimbele injini ukuthi ishise ngokweqile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, isembozo se-radiator singalinganisa ingcindezi yesistimu yokupholisa nge-valve yokusiza kanye ne-valve yokubuyisa, kuvimbele i-coolant ukuthi ivuza ngenxa yokwanda kokushisa, futhi kugcwalise uketshezi oluvela ethangini lamanzi elisizayo lapho i-coolant incipha ukuze kugcinwe ukuzinza kwesistimu.
Izimpawu ezijwayelekile kanye nezingozi zokwehluleka kwe-radiator
Nakuba i-radiator ibonakala iqinile, ingahluleka futhi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Uma ingatholakali ngesikhathi, ingabangela imiphumela emibi kakhulu. Nazi izimpawu ezivamile zokwehluleka kwe-radiator:
Izinga lokushisa lamanzi eliphakeme ngokungavamile
Lokhu kuwukubonakaliswa okusobala kakhulu kokwehluleka kwerediyetha. Isikhombisi esisesigabeni sokushisa kwamanzi kudeshibhodi sizokhuphuka ngokushesha siye endaweni yokushisa okuphezulu, futhi isibani sesixwayiso singase sikhanye. Kungase kube nomsindo "oshisayo" wokushisa okuphezulu endaweni yenjini. Uma imoto iqhubeka nokushayela, i-coolant ebilayo ingaphuma ekhava yerediyetha. Ngalesi sikhathi, izinga lokushisa lesilinda lingaphezu kakhulu kwebanga elijwayelekile, futhi kungenzeka kakhulu ukuthi libangele umonakalo obulalayo njengokunamathela kwepiston nokuqhekeka kwesilinda.
Ukuvuza kwe-coolant
Uma uthola amabala amanzi aluhlaza, aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka noma apinki ngaphansi kwemoto noma indawo yerediyetha yegumbi lenjini imanzi ngemva kokupaka, kungenzeka ukuthi irediyetha ivuzile. Ukuvuza kungase kubangelwe ukuvalwa okungekuhle endaweni yokuxhuma irediyetha, ukuguga nokuqhekeka kwamapayipi amanzi, noma ukugqwala kanye nomonakalo kurediyetha uqobo. Ukulahlekelwa okuqhubekayo kwe-coolant kuzovimbela uhlelo lokupholisa ukuthi lungasebenzi kahle, futhi injini izohlala isesimweni sokushisa okuphezulu isikhathi eside, okuthinta kakhulu ukuphuma kwamandla kanye nokuphila kwezingxenye.
Ukulahlekelwa amandla kanye nokuzamazama kwenjini
Ukwehluleka kwerediyetha okubangelwa ukushisa ngokweqile kwenjini kuzonciphisa ukusebenza kahle kokushiswa kukaphethiloli, okuholela ekungakhiqizi kahle kwamandla. Uma kusheshiswa, impendulo yemoto izohamba kancane. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, izinga lokushisa eliphezulu lizobangela ukuthi i-viscosity kawoyela wokugcoba yehle, kunciphise umphumela wokugcoba, futhi kuzovela ukuzamazama okungavamile nomsindo ngesikhathi sokusebenza kwenjini, njengokuthi "ukusebenza nesifo". Lokhu kuzokwandisa kakhulu ukuguguleka kwezingxenye ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
Ukuvaleka kwerediyetha
Ukuvaleka kwerediyetha kungahlukaniswa ngezinhlobo zangaphakathi nezangaphandle. Ukuvaleka kwangaphandle kubangelwa kakhulu yimfucumfucu efana ne-willow catkins, uthuli, kanye nezidumbu zezinambuzane ezinamathele ezimpikweni zerediyetha, ukuvimba ukujikeleza komoya kanye nokunciphisa ukusebenza kahle kokupholisa; ukuvaleka kwangaphakathi kubangelwa ukusebenzisa i-coolant ephansi noma amanzi ompompi isikhathi eside, okwakha isikali esivimba amapayipi amanzi futhi senze ukujikeleza kwe-coolant kungabi bushelelezi. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi hlobo luni lokuvaleka olukhona, kuzokwenza izinga lokushisa lenjini lihlale liphezulu, futhi ifeni izoqhubeka nokusebenza ngesivinini esikhulu kodwa ingasakwazi ukupholisa.
Ukuvimbela kanye nokusabela ekwehlulekeni kwe-radiator
Ukuze ugweme ukwehluleka kwe-radiator, ukulungiswa kwansuku zonke kubalulekile. Okokuqala, hlola njalo izinga le-coolant nesimo ukuqinisekisa ukuthi liphakathi kwamamaki "MIN" kanye "MAX" ethangi lamanzi elisizayo. Buyisela i-antifreeze esezingeni eliphezulu njalo eminyakeni emi-2-3 futhi ungasebenzisi amanzi ompompi ukuvimbela ukwakheka kwesikali. Okwesibili, hlanza njalo udoti ebusweni bethangi lamanzi. Ungasebenzisa isibhamu samanzi esinomfutho ophansi ukuhlanza ama-heat sink. Qaphela ukugwema ukucindezela ngokweqile okungalimaza amaphiko. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngesikhathi sokulungiswa ngakunye, hlola ukuvala kanye nesimo sokuguga kwe-interface yethangi lamanzi namapayipi amanzi, bese ushintsha noma yiziphi izingxenye ezonakele ngesikhathi.
Uma ubona noma yiziphi izimpawu zokungasebenzi kahle kwethangi lamanzi, thatha isinyathelo ngokushesha: uma izinga lokushisa lamanzi liphezulu kakhulu, misa imoto eceleni komgwaqo bese ucisha injini. Linda injini iphole ngaphambi kokuhlola. Ungavuli isembozo sethangi lamanzi uma kushisa ukuze ugweme ukushiswa umusi; uma kukhona ukuvuza kwe-coolant, engeza inani elincane le-coolant ephuthumayo bese ushayela ngesivinini esiphansi uye endaweni yokulungisa ukuze uhlolwe; uma usola ukuthi ithangi lamanzi livalekile, iya esikhungweni sochwepheshe ukuze uhlanze noma ushintshe.
Nakuba ithangi lamanzi lemoto lingase libonakale lingabalulekile, liyisiqinisekiso esibalulekile sokusebenza okuvamile kwenjini. Ukuqonda ukusebenza kwayo kanye nezimpawu zokungasebenzi kahle, nokwenza ukulungiswa njalo kungaqinisekisa ukuthi imoto ihlala isesimweni esihle futhi kugweme izinkinga ezinkulu ezibangelwa ukungasebenzi kahle okuncane.
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