Izibani zemoto ngokuvamile zakhiwa izingxenye ezintathu: isibani, isibuko esikhanyayo kanye nesibuko esifanelanayo (isibuko se-astigmatism).
1. isibani
Amabhalu asetshenziswa ezibanini zezimoto amabhalu akhanyayo, amabhalu e-halogen tungsten, amabhalu amasha e-arc akhanya kakhulu njalo njalo.
(1) Ibhalbhu elikhanyayo: i-filament yayo yenziwe ngocingo lwe-tungsten (i-tungsten inendawo yokuncibilika ephezulu kanye nokukhanya okuqinile). Ngesikhathi sokukhiqiza, ukuze kwandiswe impilo yebhalbhu, i-bulb igcwaliswa ngegesi engasebenzi (i-nitrogen kanye nengxube yayo yamagesi angasebenzi). Lokhu kunganciphisa ukuhwamuka kocingo lwe-tungsten, kwandise izinga lokushisa locingo, futhi kuthuthukise ukusebenza kahle kokukhanya. Ukukhanya okuvela kubhalbhu elikhanyayo kunombala ophuzi.
(2) Isibani se-tungsten halide: Isibani sokukhanya se-tungsten halide sifakwa kugesi engasebenzi kahle ku-element ethile ye-halide (njenge-iodine, i-chlorine, i-fluorine, i-bromine, njll.), kusetshenziswa isimiso sokusabela kabusha kwe-tungsten halide, okungukuthi, i-tungsten ephefumulayo esuka ku-filament isabela ne-halogen ukuze ikhiqize i-halide ye-tungsten eguquguqukayo, esakazeka endaweni yokushisa okuphezulu eduze kwe-filament, futhi iboliswe ukushisa, ukuze i-tungsten ibuyiselwe ku-filament. I-halogen ekhishwe iyaqhubeka nokusabalalisa futhi ihlanganyele ekusabeleni komjikelezo olandelayo, ngakho-ke umjikelezo uyaqhubeka, ngaleyo ndlela uvimbele ukuhwamuka kwe-tungsten kanye nokuba mnyama kwe-bulb. Usayizi we-bulb yokukhanya ye-tungsten halogen mncane, igobolondo le-bulb lenziwe ngengilazi ye-quartz enokumelana nokushisa okuphezulu kanye namandla aphezulu omshini, ngaphansi kwamandla afanayo, ukukhanya kwesibani se-tungsten halogen kuphindwe izikhathi ezingu-1.5 kunokwesibani se-incandescent, futhi impilo iphindwe izikhathi ezimbili kuya kwezingu-3.
(3) Isibani esisha se-arc esikhanya kakhulu: Lesi sibani asinayo i-filament yendabuko ebhalbhuni. Esikhundleni salokho, ama-electrode amabili afakwa ngaphakathi kweshubhu le-quartz. Ishubhu ligcwele i-xenon kanye nezinsimbi zokulandelela (noma ama-halide ensimbi), futhi uma kune-voltage eyanele ye-arc ku-electrode (5000 ~ 12000V), igesi iqala ukwenza i-ionize futhi iqhube ugesi. Ama-athomu egesi asesimweni sokujabula futhi aqala ukukhipha ukukhanya ngenxa yokuguquka kwezinga lamandla lama-electron. Ngemuva kwama-0.1s, inani elincane lomhwamuko we-mercury liyahwamuka phakathi kwama-electrode, futhi ukunikezwa kwamandla kudluliselwa ngokushesha ekukhishweni kwe-mercury vapor arc, bese kudluliselwa esibanini se-halide arc ngemva kokuphakama kwezinga lokushisa. Ngemva kokuba ukukhanya kufinyelele ekushiseni okuvamile kokusebenza kwebhalbhu, amandla okugcina ukukhishwa kwe-arc kuphansi kakhulu (cishe ama-35w), ngakho-ke ama-40% wamandla kagesi angasindiswa.
