Amalambu ezimoto ngokuvamile akhiwa izingxenye ezintathu: isibani, isibonisi nesibuko esifanayo (isibuko se-astigmatism).
1. isibani
Amalambu asetshenziswa kumalambu emoto amalambu e-incandescent, ama-halogen tungsten amalambu, amalambu ama-arc akhanya kakhulu nokunye.
(1) Isibani se-incandescent: umucu wayo wenziwe ngocingo lwe-tungsten (i-tungsten inephuzu elincibilikayo eliphakeme nokukhanya okuqinile).Ngesikhathi sokukhiqiza, ukuze kwandiswe impilo yesevisi ye-bulb, i-bulb igcwele igesi ye-inert (i-nitrogen kanye nengxube yayo yamagesi angenayo).Lokhu kunganciphisa ukuhwamuka kocingo lwe-tungsten, kwandise izinga lokushisa lomucu, futhi kuthuthukise ukusebenza kahle okukhanyayo.Ukukhanya okuvela kusibani se-incandescent kunombala ophuzi.
(2) Isibani se-Tungsten halide: Isibani sokukhanya se-Tungsten halide sishuthekwa kugesi engenzi lutho entweni ethile ye-halide (njenge-iodine, i-chlorine, i-fluorine, i-bromine, njll.), kusetshenziswa isimiso sokuphendula kabusha kwe-tungsten halide, okungukuthi, i-gaseous tungsten ehwamukayo emculweni isabela ne-halogen ukuze ikhiqize i-tungsten halide eguquguqukayo, esakazekela endaweni yokushisa ephezulu eduze nomcu, futhi iboliswe ukushisa, ukuze i-tungsten ibuyiselwe emculweni.I-halogen ekhululiwe iyaqhubeka nokusabalala futhi ibambe iqhaza ekuphenduleni komjikelezo olandelayo, ngakho-ke umjikelezo uyaqhubeka, ngaleyo ndlela uvimbela ukuhwamuka kwe-tungsten nokuba mnyama kwebulb.Usayizi we-tungsten halogen light bulb usayizi omncane, igobolondo lesibani lenziwe ngengilazi ye-quartz enokumelana nokushisa okuphezulu namandla aphezulu emishini, ngaphansi kwamandla afanayo, ukukhanya kwesibani se-tungsten halogen kuyizikhathi eziyi-1.5 kunesibani se-incandescent, futhi impilo ingu-2 kuya Izikhathi ezi-3 ngaphezulu.
(3) Isibani esisha se-arc esikhanyayo: Lesi sibani asinawo umcu wendabuko kwi-bulb.Esikhundleni salokho, ama-electrode amabili afakwa ngaphakathi kweshubhu ye-quartz.I-tube igcwele i-xenon kanye ne-trace metals (noma i-metal halides), futhi uma kune-voltage ye-arc eyanele ku-electrode (5000 ~ 12000V), igesi iqala uku-ionize futhi iqhube ugesi.Ama-athomu egesi asesimweni sokujabula futhi aqala ukukhipha ukukhanya ngenxa yokuguquka kwezinga lamandla ama-electron.Ngemuva kwama-0.1s, inani elincane lomhwamuko we-mercury liyahwamuka phakathi kwama-electrode, futhi amandla anikezwa ngokushesha adluliselwe ekukhishweni kwe-mercury vapor arc, bese edluliselwa esibani se-halide arc ngemuva kokukhuphuka kwezinga lokushisa.Ngemva kokuba ukukhanya kufinyelele izinga lokushisa elivamile le-bulb, amandla okugcina ukukhishwa kwe-arc aphansi kakhulu (cishe ama-35w), ngakho-ke u-40% wamandla kagesi angagcinwa.
