Ukuhlukaniswa komkhiqizo nokuhlukaniswa kwe-engeli yezinto
Ngokombono wokukhiqiza izinto zokudambisa, izinto zokudonsa ukushaqeka ikakhulukazi zihlanganisa ama-hydraulic kanye ne-pneumatic shock absorbers, kanye nama-absorber ashintshashintshayo okudambisa amanzi.
Uhlobo lwe-hydraulic
I-Hydraulic shock absorber isetshenziswa kabanzi ohlelweni lokumiswa kwezimoto. Isimiso siwukuthi lapho ifreyimu ne-asili ihamba iye emuva naphambili futhi i-piston ihamba iye emuva naphambili emgqonyeni wesilinda we-shock absorber, uwoyela osendlini yokudonsa ukushaqeka uzogeleza ngokuphindaphindiwe usuka emgodini ongaphakathi ngokusebenzisa ezinye izimbotshana eziwumngcingo zingene kwenye indawo engaphakathi. Ngalesi sikhathi, ukungqubuzana phakathi koketshezi nodonga lwangaphakathi kanye nokungqubuzana kwangaphakathi kwama-athomu awuketshezi kwenza amandla okudambisa ukudlidliza.
I-Inflatable
I-inflatable shock absorber iwuhlobo olusha lwe-shock absorber olwakhiwe kusukela ngo-1960s. Imodeli yokusetshenziswa ibonakala ngokuthi i-piston entantayo ifakwe engxenyeni engezansi yomphongolo wesilinda, futhi igumbi legesi elivaliwe elakhiwe i-piston elintantayo kanye nomkhawulo owodwa wesilinda ugcwele i-nitrogen ephezulu. Ingxenye enkulu ye-O-ring ifakwe ku-piston entantayo, ehlukanisa ngokuphelele amafutha negesi. I-piston esebenzayo ifakwe i-valve yokucindezela kanye ne-valve yokwandisa eshintsha indawo ye-cross-sectional yesiteshi ngesivinini sayo esihambayo. Lapho isondo ligxuma liye phezulu naphansi, i-piston esebenzayo ye-shock absorber ihamba iye emuva naphambili oketshezini lukawoyela, okuholela ekutheni kube nomehluko wengcindezi kawoyela phakathi kwegumbi elingaphezulu negumbi elingezansi lepiston elisebenzayo, futhi uwoyela wokucindezela uzophusha uvule i-valve yokucindezela kanye ne-extension valve futhi ageleza emuva naphambili. Njengoba i-valve ikhiqiza amandla amakhulu okudambisa amafutha okucindezela, ukudlidliza kuyancishiswa.
Ukuhlukaniswa kwe-engeli yesakhiwo
Isakhiwo se-shock absorber ukuthi i-piston rod ene-piston ifakwe ku-cylinder futhi isilinda sigcwele amafutha. I-piston ine-orifice ukuze amafutha ezingxenyeni ezimbili zesikhala ezihlukaniswe yi-piston akwazi ukunezelana. I-Damping ikhiqizwa lapho amafutha e-viscous edlula emgodini. Uma i-orifice incane, amandla amakhulu okudambisa, i-viscosity kawoyela inkulu futhi namandla amakhulu okudambisa. Uma usayizi we-orifice uhlala ungashintshiwe, lapho okokudonsa ukushaqeka kusebenza ngokushesha, ukumanzisa ngokweqile kuzothinta ukumuncwa komthelela. Ngakho-ke, i-valve yeqabunga leqabunga le-disc isethwe ekuphumeni kwe-orifice. Lapho ingcindezi ikhuphuka, i-valve iphushwa ivuleke, ukuvulwa kwe-orifice kuyanda futhi ukuthambisa kuncipha. Ngenxa yokuthi i-piston ihamba ezinhlangothini ezimbili, ama-valve entwasahlobo amaqabunga afakwe ezinhlangothini zombili zepiston, abizwa ngokuthi i-compression valve kanye ne-extension valve ngokulandelanayo.
Ngokwesakhiwo sayo, i-shock absorber ihlukaniswe ibe yi-cylinder eyodwa kanye ne-double cylinder. Ingase iphinde ihlukaniswe ibe: 1 Isilinda esisodwa se-pneumatic shock absorber; 2. I-double cylinder oil pressure shock absorber; 3. I-double cylinder hydro pneumatic shock absorber.
Umgqomo ophindwe kabili
Kusho ukuthi i-shock absorber inamasilinda amabili angaphakathi nangaphandle, futhi i-piston ihamba ku-cylinder yangaphakathi. Ngenxa yokungena nokukhipha i-piston rod, umthamo wamafutha ku-cylinder yangaphakathi uyakhula futhi uyancipha. Ngakho-ke, ibhalansi yamafutha ku-cylinder yangaphakathi kufanele igcinwe ngokushintshaniswa ne-cylinder yangaphandle. Ngakho-ke, kufanele kube nama-valve amane ku-double cylinder shock absorber, okungukuthi, ngaphezu kwama-valve amabili e-throttle ku-piston okukhulunywe ngawo ngenhla, kukhona nama-valve okugeleza nama-valve esinxephezelo afakwe phakathi kwamasilinda angaphakathi nangaphandle ukuze aqedele umsebenzi wokushintshanisa.
Uhlobo lomgqomo owodwa
Uma kuqhathaniswa ne-double cylinder shock absorber, i-cylinder shock absorber eyodwa inesakhiwo esilula futhi inciphisa isethi yesistimu ye-valve. I-piston entantayo ifakwe engxenyeni engezansi ye-cylinder barrel (okubizwa ngokuthi ukuntanta kusho ukuthi ayikho induku ye-piston yokulawula ukunyakaza kwayo). Igumbi lomoya elivaliwe lakhiwa ngaphansi kwepiston elintantayo futhi ligcwaliswe nge-nitrogen enengcindezi ephezulu. Ushintsho olubalulwe ngenhla lwezinga loketshezi olubangelwa amafutha angenayo naphuma ku-piston rod lushintshwa ngokuzenzakalelayo ngokuntanta kwepiston elintantayo. Ngaphandle kwaphezulu
