Ukuhlukaniswa komkhiqizo kanye nokuhlukaniswa kwe-engeli yezinto ezibonakalayo
Ngokombono wokukhiqiza izinto zokudambisa, ama-shock absorber afaka phakathi ama-hydraulic kanye nama-pneumatic shock absorber, kanye nama-variable damping shock absorber.
Uhlobo lwe-hydraulic
I-Hydraulic shock absorber isetshenziswa kabanzi ohlelweni lokumiswa kwezimoto. Isimiso siwukuthi lapho uhlaka kanye ne-axle kuhamba emuva naphambili futhi i-piston ihamba emuva naphambili emgqonyeni wesilinda we-shock absorber, uwoyela osendlini ye-shock absorber uzogeleza ngokuphindaphindiwe usuka emgodini ongaphakathi ngezikhala ezincane uye komunye umgodi ongaphakathi. Ngalesi sikhathi, ukungqubuzana phakathi koketshezi nodonga olungaphakathi kanye nokungqubuzana kwangaphakathi kwama-molecule oketshezi kwakha amandla okudambisa ukudlidliza.
Ingafuthwa
I-inflatable shock absorber uhlobo olusha lwe-shock absorber olwakhiwe kusukela ngawo-1960. Imodeli yokusetshenziswa ibonakala ngokuthi i-floating piston ifakwa engxenyeni engezansi yebharele lesilinda, kanye negumbi legesi elivaliwe elenziwe yi-floating piston kanti umkhawulo owodwa webharele lesilinda ugcwele i-nitrogen enengcindezi ephezulu. I-O-ring enkulu yesigaba ifakiwe kwi-floating piston, ehlukanisa ngokuphelele uwoyela negesi. I-piston esebenzayo ifakwe i-compression valve kanye ne-extension valve eshintsha indawo ye-cross-section yesiteshi ngesivinini sayo sokuhamba. Lapho isondo ligxuma phezulu naphansi, i-piston esebenzayo ye-shock absorber ihamba emuva naphambili ku-oyela oketshezini, okuholela ekwehlukeni kwengcindezi kawoyela phakathi kwegumbi eliphezulu negumbi elingaphansi le-piston esebenzayo, kanti uwoyela wengcindezi uzocindezela i-compression valve kanye ne-extension valve bese igeleza emuva naphambili. Njengoba i-valve ikhiqiza amandla amakhulu okudambisa uwoyela wengcindezi, ukudlidliza kuyancishiswa.
Ukuhlukaniswa kwe-engeli yesakhiwo
Isakhiwo se-shock absorber ukuthi induku ye-piston ene-piston ifakwa kwisilinda bese isilinda igcwala uwoyela. I-piston ine-orifice ukuze uwoyela osezigabeni ezimbili zesikhala esihlukaniswe yi-piston ukwazi ukuhambisana. Ukudambisa kukhiqizwa lapho uwoyela oqinile udlula e-orifice. Uma i-orifice incane, amandla okudambisa aba maningi, kulapho i-viscosity yamafutha iba nkulu futhi amandla okudambisa aba maningi. Uma usayizi we-orifice ungashintshi, lapho i-shock absorber isebenza ngokushesha, ukudambisa ngokweqile kuzothinta ukumuncwa komthelela. Ngakho-ke, i-valve yentwasahlobo yamaqabunga enomumo we-disc ibekwa endaweni yokuphuma ye-orifice. Lapho ingcindezi ikhuphuka, i-valve iyacindezelwa ivuleke, ukuvulwa kwe-orifice kuyanda futhi ukudambisa kuyancipha. Ngenxa yokuthi i-piston ihamba ngezindlela ezimbili, ama-valve entwasahlobo yamaqabunga afakwa kuzo zombili izinhlangothi ze-piston, ezibizwa ngokuthi i-compression valve kanye ne-extension valve ngokulandelana.
Ngokwesakhiwo sayo, i-shock absorber ihlukaniswe ibe yi-single cylinder kanye ne-double cylinder. Ingahlukaniswa kabanzi ibe yi: 1 i-single cylinder pneumatic shock absorber; 2. i-double cylinder oil pressure shock absorber; 3. i-double cylinder hydro pneumatic shock absorber.
Ibhareli eliphindwe kabili
Kusho ukuthi i-shock absorber inamasilinda amabili angaphakathi nangaphandle, futhi i-piston iyahamba kusilinda sangaphakathi. Ngenxa yokungena nokukhishwa kwenduku ye-piston, umthamo wamafutha kusilinda sangaphakathi uyanda futhi uyancipha. Ngakho-ke, ibhalansi yamafutha kusilinda sangaphakathi kufanele igcinwe ngokushintshana nesilinda sangaphandle. Ngakho-ke, kufanele kube nama-valve amane kusilinda esiphindwe kabili sokushaqeka, okungukuthi, ngaphezu kwama-valve amabili e-throttle ku-piston okukhulunywe ngawo ngenhla, kukhona nama-valve okugeleza kanye nama-valve okubuyisela afakwe phakathi kwamasilinda angaphakathi nangaphandle ukuze kuqedwe umsebenzi wokushintshana.
Uhlobo olulodwa lwebhareli
Uma kuqhathaniswa ne-double cylinder shock absorber, i-single cylinder shock absorber inesakhiwo esilula futhi inciphisa isethi yesistimu ye-valve. I-floating piston ifakwa engxenyeni engezansi yomgqomo wesilinda (okuthiwa i-floating isho ukuthi ayikho induku ye-piston yokulawula ukunyakaza kwayo). Ikamelo lomoya elivaliwe lakhiwa ngaphansi kwe-floating piston futhi ligcwaliswe nge-nitrogen enengcindezi ephezulu. Ushintsho olushiwo ngenhla ezingeni loketshezi olubangelwa uwoyela ongenayo naphumayo enduku ye-piston luguqulwa ngokuzenzakalelayo yi-floating piston. Ngaphandle kwangenhla.
