Ziyini izinzwa zemoto
Izinzwa zezimoto ziyizinto zokufaka zesistimu yekhompyutha yezimoto, eziguqula ulwazi oluhlukahlukene lwezimo zokusebenza zokusebenza kwezimoto lube amasignali kagesi kukhompyutha, ukuze injini nezinye izinhlelo zibe sesimweni esingcono kakhulu sokusebenza. Nasi ukubuka kabanzi izinzwa zezimoto:
Izici
Izinzwa zezimoto zingathola amapharamitha ahlukahlukene ahlobene nokusebenza kwemoto, njengejubane, izinga lokushisa lezinto ezahlukahlukene, izimo zokusebenza kwenjini, ulwazi lomzimba, izimo zemvelo, njll., bese ziguqula lolu lwazi lube amasignali kagesi, afakwa ohlelweni lwekhompyutha yemoto ukuze kubalwe futhi kulawulwe. Lezi zinzwa ziyizingxenye ezibalulekile zokuqinisekisa ukushayela okuvamile, okuzinzile nokuphephile kwemoto.
Ukuhlukaniswa kanye nokusetshenziswa
Kunezinhlobo eziningi zezinzwa zezimoto, ezingahlukaniswa ngezigaba ezimbili: izinzwa zokuqapha indawo kanye nezinzwa zokubona umzimba wemoto:
Izinzwa zokuqapha imvelo:
Njengoba isetshenziselwa ukuthola nokuzwa indawo ezungeze imoto, kuyadingeka ukuthola izinzwa zokushayela ezizimele noma ezisizayo.
Isibonelo, izinzwa ze-radar, i-laser radar (i-LiDAR), amakhamera, njll. asetshenziselwa ukuzwa izimoto ezizungezile, abahamba ngezinyawo, izimpawu zomgwaqo, njll., ukuze kufezwe ukulandela imoto ngokuzenzakalela, ukugcina imizila, ukugwema izithiyo kanye neminye imisebenzi.
Inzwa yokuzwa umzimba:
Isetshenziselwa ukuthola ulwazi lomzimba, njengomfutho wamathayi, umfutho kawoyela, isivinini, isimo senjini, njll., okuyinzwa eyisisekelo edingekayo ukuze kugcinwe ukushayela okuvamile, okuzinzile nokuphephile kwemoto.
Isibonelo, izinzwa zokugeleza komoya zisetshenziselwa ukukala inani lomoya odonswa yinjini, kanti izinzwa ze-ABS zisetshenziselwa ukuqapha isivinini nokulungisa ukujikeleza kwesondo ngesikhathi sokubhuleka okuphuthumayo ukuze kube nokubhuleka okuhle kakhulu. Ezinye izinzwa ze-throttle position, izinzwa ze-crankshaft position, izinzwa ze-oxygen, izinzwa ze-oyela pressure, njll., zisetshenziselwa ukuthola amapharamitha ahlukene omzimba.
Lesi sihloko sichaza izinzwa ezibalulekile
Inzwa yokugeleza komoya: Ilinganisa ikhwalithi yomoya edonswa enjinini njengesisekelo sokunquma izinga lokujova uphethiloli eliyisisekelo.
Inzwa yokushisa: Iqapha i-coolant yenjini, izinga lokushisa lokungenisa kanye nephethiloli, bese idlulisela emuva kuyunithi yokulawula kagesi (i-ECU) ukuze ilungise amapharamitha okusebenza.
Izinzwa zesikhundla kanye nesivinini: Inikeza ulwazi mayelana nokuvulwa kwe-throttle, i-engela ye-crankshaft, isivinini semoto kanye nesimo se-pedal ye-accelerator ukusiza i-ECU ukuthi ifinyelele ukulawula okunembile.
Inzwa yokuhlanzwa kwegesi ephumayo: qapha isimo segesi ekhishwayo ukuqinisekisa ukuhambisana nezindinganiso zemvelo.
Njengemishini ebalulekile yokufaka ohlelweni lwekhompyutha yezimoto, izinzwa zezimoto zidlala indima ebalulekile ezimotweni zesimanje. Azigcini nje ngokuthuthukisa ukusebenza nokuphepha kwezimoto, kodwa futhi zinikeza ukwesekwa okuqinile ekuthuthukisweni kobuchwepheshe obuthuthukisiwe njengokushayela okuzenzakalelayo.
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