Isihlungi samafutha
Isihlungi samafutha, esaziwa nangokuthi igridi yamafutha. Sisetshenziselwa ukususa ukungcola okufana nothuli, izinhlayiya zensimbi, ama-carbon precipitates kanye nezinhlayiya zomsoco kumafutha ukuvikela injini.
Isihlungi samafutha sinohlobo lokugeleza okugcwele kanye nohlobo lwe-shunt. Isihlungi sokugeleza okugcwele sixhunywe ngokulandelana phakathi kwephampu yamafutha kanye nendlela eyinhloko yamafutha, ngakho-ke singahlunga wonke amafutha okugcoba angena endleleni eyinhloko yamafutha. Isihlanzi se-shunt sihambisana nendlela eyinhloko yamafutha, futhi ingxenye kuphela yamafutha okugcoba athunyelwa yiphampu yamafutha okuhlunga iyahlungwa.
Ngesikhathi sokusebenza kwenjini, izingcezu zensimbi, uthuli, amadiphozithi ekhabhoni agcizelelwa emazingeni okushisa aphezulu, izinsalela ze-colloidal, namanzi kuxutshwa njalo namafutha okugcoba. Indima yesihlungi samafutha ukuhlunga lokhu kungcola kwemishini kanye ne-glia, ukugcina uwoyela wokugcoba uhlanzekile, nokwandisa impilo yawo yokusebenza. Isihlungi samafutha kufanele sibe namandla okuhlunga aqinile, ukumelana nokugeleza okuncane, impilo yesevisi ende kanye nezinye izakhiwo. Uhlelo lokugcoba olujwayelekile luhlonyiswe ngezihlungi eziningana ezinomthamo wokuhlunga ohlukile - isihlungi sokuqoqa, isihlungi esiqinile kanye nesihlungi esincane, ngokulandelana ngokulingana noma ngochungechunge endaweni enkulu yamafutha. (Isihlungi esigcwele ochungechungeni esinendlela enkulu yamafutha sibizwa ngokuthi, kanti uwoyela wokugcoba uhlungwa yisihlungi lapho injini isebenza; Esihambisana nayo sibizwa ngokuthi isihlungi se-shunt). Isihlungi esiqinile sixhunywe ngochungechunge endaweni enkulu yamafutha ukuze kugeleze ngokugcwele; Isihlungi esincane si-shunt ngokulinganayo endaweni enkulu yamafutha. Izinjini zezimoto zanamuhla ngokuvamile zinesihlungi sokuqoqa kanye nesihlungi samafutha esigcwele. Isihlungi esiqinile sisusa ukungcola emafutheni ngosayizi wezinhlayiya ezingaphezu kuka-0.05mm, kanti isihlungi esincane sisetshenziselwa ukuhlunga ukungcola okuncane ngosayizi wezinhlayiya ezingaphezu kuka-0.001mm.
Ngaphansi kwezimo ezijwayelekile, izingxenye ezahlukene zenjini zigcotshwa ngamafutha ukuze kufezwe umsebenzi ojwayelekile, kodwa imfucumfucu yensimbi ekhiqizwa ngesikhathi sokusebenza kwezingxenye, uthuli olungena, idiphozithi yekhabhoni eqinisiwe ekushiseni okuphezulu kanye nomhwamuko wamanzi kuzoqhubeka kuxutshwa kumafutha, impilo yokusebenza kawoyela izoncishiswa isikhathi eside, futhi ukusebenza okuvamile kwenjini kungathinteka ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu.
Ngakho-ke, indima yesihlungi samafutha ibonakala ngalesi sikhathi. Kalula nje, indima yesihlungi samafutha ngokuyinhloko ukuhlunga iningi lokungcola kumafutha, ukugcina uwoyela uhlanzekile, nokwandisa impilo yawo evamile yokusebenza. Ngaphezu kwalokho, isihlungi samafutha kufanele futhi sibe namandla okuhlunga aqinile, ukumelana nokugeleza okuphansi, impilo yenkonzo ende kanye nezinye izakhiwo.
Isihlungi samafutha kufanele sishintshwe kangaki
Umjikelezo wokushintsha isihlungi samafutha uvame ukufana nowamafutha, kuye ngohlobo lwamafutha asetshenzisiwe kanye nesimo sokushayela semoto.
Ezimotweni ezisebenzisa uwoyela owenziwe ngokuphelele, umjikelezo wokufaka esikhundleni sesihlungi samafutha uvame ukunconywa cishe ngamakhilomitha ayi-10,000.
Uma usebenzisa uwoyela owenziwe kancane, umjikelezo wokufaka esikhundleni sesihlungi samafutha uzoba mfushane kancane, cishe amakhilomitha angu-7500 ukuze ufakwe esikhundleni.
Ezimotweni ezisebenzisa uwoyela wamaminerali, umjikelezo wokushintsha isihlungi samafutha uvame ukunconywa cishe ngamakhilomitha angu-5000.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, uma indawo yokushayela yemoto inzima, noma ikhwalithi kawoyela imbi, kungadingeka ukuthi kushintshwe isihlungi sikawoyela kusenesikhathi ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuvamile kwenjini.
Ngokuvamile, ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuhluzwa okusebenzayo kwesihlungi samafutha kanye nokusebenza okuvamile kwenjini, kunconywa ukuthi abanikazi bahlole futhi bashintshe isihlungi samafutha njalo, futhi umjikelezo wokufaka esikhundleni uhambisana kahle nomjikelezo wokufaka esikhundleni samafutha.
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