Isihlungi samafutha
Isihlungi sikawoyela, esaziwa nangokuthi igridi kawoyela. Isetshenziselwa ukususa ukungcola okunjengothuli, izinhlayiya zensimbi, i-carbon precipitates kanye nezinhlayiya ze-soot emafutheni ukuvikela injini.
Isihlungi sikawoyela sinokugeleza okugcwele kanye nohlobo lwe-shunt. Isihlungi esigcwele ngokugcwele sixhunywe ochungechungeni phakathi kwephampu kawoyela kanye nephaseji likawoyela eliyinhloko, ngakho-ke singakwazi ukuhlunga wonke uwoyela wokugcoba ongena ephasejini elikhulu likawoyela. Isicoci se-shunt sihambisana nephaseji eliyinhloko likawoyela, futhi ingxenye kuphela yamafutha okugcoba athunyelwa yiphampu kawoyela yesihlungi iyahlungwa.
Ngesikhathi sokusebenza kwenjini, izinsalela zensimbi, uthuli, i-carbon deposits oxidized at high temperatures, sediments colloidal, namanzi kuhlala kuxutshwa namafutha okugcoba. Indima yesihlungi sikawoyela ukuhlunga lokhu kungcola okusemishinini kanye ne-glia, ukugcina uwoyela wokugcoba uhlanzekile, nokwelula impilo yawo yesevisi. Isihlungi samafutha kufanele sibe namandla okuhlunga aqinile, ukumelana nokugeleza okuncane, impilo ende yenkonzo nezinye izakhiwo. Isistimu yokugcoba evamile ifakwe izihlungi eziningana ezinamandla ahlukene okuhlunga - isihlungi somqoqi, isihlungi esimahhadla nesihlungi esihle, ngokulandelanayo ngokuhambisana noma uchungechunge ephasejini elikhulu likawoyela. (Isihlungi esigcwele ngokugcwele esiwuchungechunge esinephaseji kawoyela esiyinhloko sibizwa, futhi amafutha okugcoba ahlungwa ngesihlungi lapho injini isebenza; Ngokuhambisana nayo ibizwa ngokuthi isihlungi se-shunt). Isihlungi esimahhadla sixhunywe kuchungechunge ephasejini elikhulu likawoyela ukuze ligeleze ngokugcwele; Isihlungi esihle si-shunt ngokuhambisana ephasejini elikhulu likawoyela. Izinjini zesimanje zezimoto ngokuvamile zinezihlungi zokuqoqa kanye nesihlungi sikawoyela esigeleza ngokugcwele. Isihlungi esimahhadla sisusa ukungcola emafutheni ngosayizi wezinhlayiyana ezingaphezu kuka-0.05mm, futhi isihlungi esihle sisetshenziselwa ukuhlunga ukungcola okuhle ngosayizi wezinhlayiyana ezingaphezu kuka-0.001mm.
Ngaphansi kwezimo ezijwayelekile, izingxenye ezihlukahlukene zenjini zigcotshwa ngamafutha ukuze kufezwe umsebenzi ojwayelekile, kodwa imfucumfucu yensimbi eyenziwa ngesikhathi sokusebenza kwezingxenye, uthuli lungena, idiphozithi ye-carbon oxidized ekushiseni okuphezulu kanye nomhwamuko othile wamanzi uzoqhubeka nokuba khona. exutshwe emafutheni, impilo yesevisi yamafutha izoncishiswa isikhathi eside, futhi ukusebenza okujwayelekile kwenjini kungase kuthinteke ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu.
Ngakho-ke, indima yesihlungi samafutha ibonakala ngalesi sikhathi. Kalula nje, indima yesihlungi sikawoyela ngokuyinhloko ukuhlunga ukungcola okuningi emafutheni, ukugcina uwoyela uhlanzekile, nokwelula impilo yawo yesevisi evamile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, isihlungi samafutha kufanele futhi sibe namandla okuhlunga aqinile, ukumelana nokugeleza okuphansi, impilo ende yenkonzo nezinye izakhiwo.
Isihlungi sikawoyela kufanele sishintshwe kangaki
Umjikelezo wokushintsha isihlungi sikawoyela ngokuvamile uyafana nowoyela, kuye ngohlobo lwamafutha asetshenziswayo kanye nesimo sokushayela imoto.
Ezimotweni ezisebenzisa uwoyela owenziwe ngokuphelele, umjikelezo wokushintsha isihlungi sikawoyela uvame ukutuswa cishe kumakhilomitha ayi-10,000. .
Uma usebenzisa uwoyela we-semi-synthetic, umjikelezo wokubuyisela wesihlungi samafutha uzoba mfushane, cishe amakhilomitha angama-7500 ukushintshwa.
Ezimotweni ezisebenzisa uwoyela wamaminerali, umjikelezo wokushintsha isihlungi sikawoyela uvame ukutuswa cishe ku-5000 km. .
Ngaphezu kwalokho, uma indawo yokushayela imoto inokhahlo, noma izinga likawoyela liphansi, kungase kudingeke ukuba kushintshwe isihlungi sikawoyela kusengaphambili ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza okuvamile kwenjini. .
Ngokuvamile, ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuhlunga okusebenzayo kwesihlungi samafutha kanye nokusebenza okujwayelekile kwenjini, kunconywa ukuthi abanikazi bahlole njalo futhi bashintshe isihlungi sikawoyela, futhi umjikelezo wokubuyisela uhambisana kangcono nomjikelezo wokubuyisela uwoyela. .
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