Isici sesihlungi samafutha yi-oyela filter. Umsebenzi wesihlungi samafutha ukuhlunga izinto ezomile, izinsini kanye nomswakama ku-oyela, bese uletha uwoyela ohlanzekile engxenyeni ngayinye yokugcoba.
Ukuze kuncishiswe ukumelana kokungqubuzana phakathi kwezingxenye ezihambayo enjinini futhi kuncishiswe ukuguguleka kwezingxenye, uwoyela uthuthwa njalo uye endaweni yokungqubuzana yengxenye ngayinye ehambayo ukuze kwakheke ifilimu yamafutha okugcoba ukuze kugcotshwe. Uwoyela wenjini ngokwawo uqukethe inani elithile le-gum, ukungcola, umswakama kanye nezithasiselo. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ngesikhathi senqubo yokusebenza kwenjini, ukufakwa kwemfucumfucu yokuguguleka kwensimbi, ukungena kwemfucumfucu emoyeni, kanye nokukhiqizwa kwama-okside kawoyela kwenza imfucumfucu emafutheni ikhule kancane kancane. Uma uwoyela ungena ngqo kumjikelezo wamafutha okugcoba ngaphandle kokuhluzwa, izinhlobo eziningi eziqukethwe ku-oyili zizolethwa endaweni yokungqubuzana yepheya elihambayo, okuzosheshisa ukuguguleka kwezingxenye futhi kunciphise impilo yenjini.
Ngenxa yobuningi obukhulu bamafutha ngokwawo kanye nokuqukethwe okuphezulu kokungcola kumafutha, ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukusebenza kahle kokuhlunga, isihlungi samafutha ngokuvamile sinamazinga amathathu, okungukuthi isihlungi sokuqoqa amafutha, isihlungi esiqinile samafutha kanye nesihlungi esiqinile samafutha. Isihlungi sifakwa epanini lamafutha phambi kwepompo yamafutha, futhi ngokuvamile siwuhlobo lwesihlungi sensimbi. Isihlungi samafutha aluhlaza sifakwa ngemuva kwepompo yamafutha futhi sixhunywe ngokulandelana nendawo eyinhloko yamafutha. Kukhona ikakhulukazi uhlobo lwe-metal scraper, uhlobo lwesihlungi se-sawdust kanye nohlobo lwephepha lesihlungi se-microporous. Manje uhlobo lwephepha lesihlungi se-microporous lusetshenziswa kakhulu. Isihlungi se-oil fine sifakwa endaweni ehambisana nendawo eyinhloko yamafutha ngemva kwepompo yamafutha. Kunezinhlobo ezimbili ikakhulukazi zohlobo lwephepha lesihlungi se-microporous kanye nohlobo lwe-rotor. Isihlungi se-oil fine sohlobo lwe-rotor sisebenzisa ukuhlunga kwe-centrifugal ngaphandle kwesici sesihlungi, okuxazulula ngempumelelo ukuphikisana phakathi kokudlulela kwamafutha kanye nokusebenza kahle kokuhlunga.
Indima yesihlungi
Ngokuvamile kunezinhlobo ezine zezihlungi zamaqembu ezinjini zedizili: isihlungi somoya, isihlungi sedizili, isihlungi samafutha, isihlungi samanzi, okulandelayo kwethula isihlungi sedizili.
Isihlungi: Isihlungi sesethi yejenereyitha yedizili siyithuluzi elikhethekile lokuhlunga uphethiloli wedizili elisetshenziswa ezinjinini ezishisa ngaphakathi. Singahlunga ukungcola okungaphezu kuka-90% komshini, ama-colloid, ama-asphaltene, njll. Sithuthukisa impilo yenjini. Idizili engahlanzekile izobangela ukuguguleka okungavamile kohlelo lokujova uphethiloli wenjini namasilinda, inciphise amandla enjini, inyuse ukusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli ngokushesha, futhi inciphise kakhulu impilo yejenereyitha. Ukusetshenziswa kwezihlungi zedizili kungathuthukisa kakhulu ukunemba kokuhlunga nokusebenza kahle kwezinjini ezisebenzisa izihlungi zedizili zohlobo lwe-felt, kwandise impilo yezihlungi zedizili ezisezingeni eliphezulu ezingenisiwe izikhathi eziningana, futhi kube nemiphumela esobala yokonga uphethiloli. Indlela yokufaka isihlungi sedizili: Isihlungi sedizili kulula kakhulu ukusifaka, vele usixhume emgqeni wokunikeza uwoyela ngokulandelana ngokuya ngamachweba okungena nokukhipha uwoyela agciniwe. Naka ukuxhumana okuqondiswe kumcibisholo, futhi isiqondiso sokungena nokukhipha uwoyela akukwazi ukuguqulwa. Uma usebenzisa futhi ushintsha into yesihlungi okokuqala, isihlungi sedizili kufanele sigcwaliswe ngowoyela wedizili, futhi kufanele kunakwe ekukhipheni. I-valve yokukhipha igesi isesembozweni sokugcina sebhareli.
Isihlungi samafutha
Indlela yokufaka esikhundleni sento yokuhlunga: Ngaphansi kokusetshenziswa okuvamile, uma i-alamu yokucindezela okuhlukile yama-alamu edivayisi yangaphambi kokuhlunga noma ukusetshenziswa okuqongelelayo kudlula amahora angu-300, into yokuhlunga kufanele ishintshwe.
Indlela yokushintsha isici sokuhlunga: 1. Ukufaka esikhundleni isici sokuhlunga sedivayisi yokuhlunga yebhareli elilodwa: a. Vala ivalvu yebhola ye-oyela bese uvula isembozo sengxenye ephezulu. (Isembozo sengxenye ephezulu yohlobo lwe-aluminium alloy sidinga ukunqunywa kancane kusuka esikhaleni esiseceleni nge-screwdriver eyisicaba); b. Khulula intambo yepulaki ye-outlet yendle ukuze ukhiphe uwoyela wendle; c. Khulula i-fastening nut engxenyeni engenhla yesici sokuhlunga, bese opharetha egqoka into engangeni uwoyela. Bamba isici sokuhlunga ngokuqinile ngamagilavu, bese ususa isici sokuhlunga esidala phezulu phezulu; d. Faka esikhundleni isici sokuhlunga esisha, faka indandatho yokuvala engenhla (nge-gasket yayo yokuvala ekugcineni engezansi), bese uqinisa i-nut; f. Qinisa intambo yokuxhuma ye-outlet yendle bese umboza isembozo sengxenye engenhla (Naka ukunamathisela indandatho yokuvala), bese ubopha amabhawodi. 2. Ukufaka esikhundleni isici sokuhlunga sedivayisi yokuhlunga yebhareli eliphindwe kabili elihambisanayo: a. Okokuqala vala ivalvu yokungena kawoyela yesihlungi ohlangothini olulodwa lwento yokuhlunga edinga ukushintshwa, vala ivalvu yokukhipha kawoyela ngemva kwemizuzu embalwa, bese uvula amabhawodi esembozo sokugcina bese uvula isembozo sokugcina; b. Vula ivalvu yokulahla indle ukuze ukhiphe ngokuphelele uwoyela ongcolile futhi uvimbele uwoyela ongcolile ukuthi ungangeni ekamelweni likawoyela elihlanzekile lapho into yokuhlunga ishintshwa; c. Khulula inathi yokubopha engxenyeni engenhla yento yokuhlunga, opharetha ugqoka amagilavu angangeni mafutha ukuze abambe into yokuhlunga ngokuqinile, bese esusa into yokuhlunga endala phezulu phezulu; c. Buyisela into entsha yokuhlunga, pheqa indandatho yokuvala ephezulu (ingxenye engezansi inegasket yayo yokuvala), bese uqinisa inathi; d. Vala ivalvu yokukhipha amanzi, vala isembozo esiphezulu (naka ukupheqa indandatho yokuvala), bese ubopha amabhawodi. E. Vula ivalvu yokungena kawoyela kuqala, bese uvula ivalvu yokukhipha amanzi, vala ivalvu yokukhipha amanzi ngokushesha lapho uwoyela uphuma kuvalvu yokukhipha amanzi, bese uvula ivalvu yokukhipha amafutha; bese usebenzisa isihlungi ngakolunye uhlangothi ngendlela efanayo.
Isihlungi sejeneretha
Isihlungi somoya sesethi yejenereyitha: Ngokuyinhloko iyithuluzi lokungenisa umoya elihlunga izinhlayiya kanye nokungcola emoyeni okuphefumulwayo lapho isethi yejenereyitha yepiston isebenza. Yakhiwa isakhi sesihlungi kanye negobolondo. Izidingo eziyinhloko zesihlungi somoya ukusebenza kahle kokuhlunga okuphezulu, ukumelana nokugeleza okuphansi, kanye nokusetshenziswa okuqhubekayo isikhathi eside ngaphandle kokunakekelwa. Uma isethi yejenereyitha isebenza, uma umoya ophefumulwayo uqukethe uthuli kanye nokunye ukungcola, kuzokhulisa ukuguguleka kwezingxenye, ngakho-ke kufanele kufakwe isihlungi somoya.
Kunezindlela ezintathu zokuhlunga umoya: uhlobo lwe-inertia, uhlobo lwesihlungi kanye nohlobo lokugeza uwoyela:
Uhlobo lwe-Inertial: Njengoba ubukhulu bezinhlayiya nokungcola buphakeme kunobomoya, lapho izinhlayiya nokungcola kujikeleza nomoya noma kushintshashintsha ngokubukhali, amandla e-centrifugal inertial angahlukanisa ukungcola nokugeleza komoya.
Uhlobo lwesihlungi: qondisa umoya ukuthi ugeleze esikrinini sesihlungi sensimbi noma ephepheni lesihlungi, njll., ukuvimba izinhlayiya nokungcola bese unamathela entweni yesihlungi.
Uhlobo lokugeza uwoyela: Kukhona ipani likawoyela phansi kwesihlungi somoya, elisebenzisa ukugeleza komoya ukuze lithinte uwoyela ngokushesha, lihlukanise izinhlayiya nokungcola bese linamathela ku-oyela, bese amaconsi kawoyela ashukunyiswayo egeleza ngesakhi sesihlungi kanye nokugeleza komoya bese enamathela ku-oyela. Lapho umoya ugeleza ngesakhi sesihlungi, ungaqhubeka nokumunca ukungcola, ukuze kufezwe injongo yokuhlunga.
Umjikelezo wokushintsha isihlungi somoya sesethi yejenereyitha: isethi yejenereyitha evamile ishintshwa kanye njalo emahoreni angu-500 okusebenza; isethi yejenereyitha yokulinda ishintshwa kanye njalo emahoreni angu-300 noma ezinyangeni ezi-6. Uma isethi yejenereyitha ivame ukugcinwa, ingasuswa futhi iqhunyiswe ngesibhamu somoya, noma umjikelezo wokushintsha ungandiswa ngamahora angu-200 noma izinyanga ezintathu.
Izidingo zokuhlunga kwezihlungi: Izihlungi ezikhiqizwa amafektri angempela ziyadingeka, kodwa kungenzeka ukuthi azizona izinhlobo ezinkulu, kodwa ezomgunyathi nezingcolile akumelwe zisetshenziswe.
