Uwoyela ufakwe phansi kwenjini, okwaziwa nangokuthi i-crankcase engezansi. Manje, ingxenye engenhla ye-cylinder block iyi-cylinder block, okuhlanganisa nengxenye engezansi yepani likawoyela iyi-crankcase. I-cylinder block kanye ne-crankcase kufanele kuhlanganiswe ngamabholidi.
Manje ukuze kube lula ukwenziwa nokulungiswa, ingxenye engenhla ye-crankshaft kanye ne-cylinder block kuyahlanganiswa, bese ipani likawoyela liba yingxenye ehlukile, lixhunywe ku-crankcase ngezikulufo.
Ipani likawoyela lisetshenziselwa ukugcina uwoyela, kanye neminye imisebenzi, njengokuvala i-crankcase ukuze kube yindawo yokusebenza ehlanzekile, ukugcina ukungcola, ukushabalalisa ukushisa ku-oyela wokugcoba, njll.
Indawo yokufaka ipani likawoyela Umsebenzi wepani likawoyela
Umsebenzi oyinhloko wepani likawoyela ukugcina uwoyela. Lapho injini iyeka ukusebenza, ingxenye yamafutha enjinini ibuyela epani likawoyela ngamandla adonsela phansi. Lapho injini iqala, iphampu kawoyela ithatha uwoyela iye kuzo zonke izingxenye zokugcoba zenjini, futhi iningi lamafutha livame ukuba sepani likawoyela. Ngokuvamile, indima yepani likawoyela ukuvala i-crankcase njengegobolondo letangi lokugcina, ukuvala i-crankcase, ukuvimbela ukungcola ukungena ethangini, ukuqoqa nokugcina uwoyela wokugcoba ngenxa yendawo yokungqubuzana, ukukhipha ukushisa okuthile, ukuvimbela ukushiswa kwamafutha okugcoba.
Ukuhlukaniswa kwegobolondo elingezansi lamafutha
idamu elimanzi
Izimoto eziningi emakethe ziyipani likawoyela elimanzi, ngakho-ke zibizwa ngokuthi ipani likawoyela elimanzi, ngenxa yekhanda le-crankshaft yenjini kanye nekhanda lesixhumanisi, i-crankshaft izocwiliswa ku-oyela wokugcoba epanini likawoyela kanye, idlale indima yokugcoba. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ngenxa yokusebenza kwesivinini esikhulu se-crankshaft, ijubane ngalinye le-crank high elicwiliswe ethangini likawoyela, lizovusa imbali ethile kawoyela kanye nenkungu kawoyela ukuze kugcotshwe ithayela le-crankshaft kanye ne-shaft, lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi ukugcoba kwe-splash. Lokhu kudinga ukuphakama kwezinga loketshezi kwamafutha okugcoba epanini likawoyela. Uma iphansi kakhulu, i-crankshaft crank kanye nenduku yokuxhuma ikhanda elikhulu alikwazi ukucwiliswa ku-oyela wokugcoba, okuholela ekushodeni kokugcoba kanye nokushelela kwe-crankshaft, induku yokuxhuma kanye nethayela le-shaft. Uma izinga likawoyela wokugcoba liphezulu kakhulu, lizobangela ukucwiliswa okuphelele kwebheyari, kwandise ukumelana nokujikeleza kwe-crankshaft, futhi ekugcineni kunciphise ukusebenza kwenjini. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, uwoyela wokugcoba kulula ukungena ekamelweni lokushisa lesilinda, okuzoholela ekushiseni kwenjini, i-spark plug carbon nezinye izinkinga.
Le ndlela yokugcoba ilula ngesakhiwo, asikho isidingo sokusetha elinye ithangi likaphethiloli, kodwa indlela imoto ethambekele ngayo akufanele ibe nkulu kakhulu, ngaphandle kwalokho izobangela ingozi yokuphuka kokuvuza kukawoyela, ukusha kwethayela kanye nesilinda sokudonsa. Isakhiwo segobolondo elingaphansi likawoyela elimanzi
i-sump eyomile
Ama-sump kawoyela owomile asetshenziswa ezinjinini eziningi zomjaho. Ayigcini uwoyela epanini likawoyela, noma, ayikho ipanini likawoyela. Lezi zindawo zokungqubuzana ezihambayo e-crankcase zigcotshwa ngokucindezela ngemigodi yokulinganisa. Ngoba injini yepanini likawoyela owomile isusa umsebenzi wokugcina uwoyela wepanini likawoyela, ngakho-ke ukuphakama kwepanini likawoyela ongahluziwe kuncishisiwe kakhulu, kanti ukuphakama kwenjini nakho kuncishisiwe. Inzuzo yesikhungo esiphansi samandla adonsela phansi ilungele ukulawula. Inzuzo eyinhloko ukugwema isimo esibi sepanini likawoyela elimanzi elihlukahlukene elibangelwa ukushayela ngamandla.
Kudingeka womise inani lamafutha epanini likawoyela, hhayi amaningi futhi angabi maningi. Uma lingagcwele, kufanele lilahlwe. Njengegazi lomuntu, amafutha epanini likawoyela ahlungwa ngepompo kawoyela aye esihlungini, bese kuba ebusweni obusebenzayo obudinga ukugcotshwa, bese ekugcineni epanini likawoyela emjikelezweni olandelayo. Impilo yenkonzo kawoyela wenjini nayo iyadingeka, futhi kumele ishintshwe uma kufanele. Iningi lepanini likawoyela lenziwe nge-stamping yensimbi encane. I-stabilizer kawoyela eqinile ifakwe ngaphakathi ukuze kugwenywe ukushaqeka okulungile kanye nokuchitheka okubangelwa ukujiya komshini kawoyela, okusiza ekungeneni kokungcola kukawoyela okugcobayo. Irula kawoyela ifakwe eceleni ukuze kuhlolwe inani likawoyela. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ingxenye engezansi yepanini engezansi ifakwe ipulaki kawoyela yokufaka esikhundleni samafutha.
Kumelwe unake ipani likawoyela uma ushayela, ngoba ipani likawoyela liphansi kwenjini. Nakuba ipuleti elingezansi lenjini livikelwe, futhi kulula kakhulu ukuliklwebha ipani likawoyela okuholela ekuvuthweni kukawoyela. Ungesabi uma ipani likawoyela livuza. Bheka lesi sihloko kulesi sayithi mayelana nendlela —— ebhekana ngayo nokuvuza kwepani likawoyela.
