Uyini umsebenzi wenzwa yokucindezela kokungenisa emotweni
Umsebenzi oyinhloko we-automotive intake pressure sensor (MAP sensor) ukuqapha ingcindezi ephelele ku-intake manifold yenjini nokuguqula i-pressure signal ibe yisignali kagesi ezodluliselwa ku-ECU yenjini (Electronic Control Unit), esebenza njengesisekelo esiyinhloko se-ECU sokubala ivolumu yokufaka uphethiloli kanye ne-ignition advance Angle.
Umqondo wayo othize wokusebenza kanye nokwandiswa kokusebenza kungahlukaniswa ngamaphuzu amabili alandelayo:
Umfutho we-input manifold wenjini uzoshintsha ngesivinini kanye nemithwalo ehlukene lapho ukunikezwa kukaphethiloli kuhambisana nezimo zokusebenza ezahlukene. Isibonelo, lapho ukuvulwa kwe-throttle kukhulu (ngaphansi komthwalo osindayo), umfutho we-input manifold wokungenisa uphakeme, kanti i-ECU inyusa umthamo wokujova uphethiloli ngokusekelwe kusignali yesenzwa. Lapho ukuvulwa kwe-throttle kuncane (ngaphansi komthwalo ophansi), umfutho uphansi, kanti i-ECU inciphisa umthamo wokujova uphethiloli ukuqinisekisa ukuthi isilinganiso somoya-uphethiloli senjini sihlala ngaphakathi kwebanga elifanele ngaphansi kwezimo zokusebenza ezahlukahlukene futhi sithuthukise ukusebenza kahle kokushisa.
Enjinini efakwe i-turbocharging, inzwa yokucindezela kokungenisa ingasiza futhi ekuqapheni ukuthi ingcindezi yokuphakamisa ivamile yini, ivimbele ukuphakamisa okweqile ekubangeleni ukwehluleka kwenjini. Amanye amamodeli azohlanganisa nezimpawu zawo ukuze athuthukise ukulawula okungasebenzi kanye nokusebenza kahle kokuhlanza ukukhishwa kwegesi.
Amaphutha avamile ezinzwa zokucindezela kokungenisa kwezimoto (ama-MAP sensors) kanye nezimpawu zezimoto ezihambisanayo ikakhulukazi ziwela kulezi zigaba ezilandelayo:
Iphutha lesekethe yenzwa
Lokhu kufaka phakathi izimo ezifana nama-short circuits, ama-open circuits, ama-oxidized plugs, kanye nokuxhumana okungekuhle.
Izimpawu ezifanayo: Isivinini senjini esingazinzile, ukusheshisa okubuthakathaka, futhi ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, kungase kume. I-ECU ingarekhoda ikhodi yephutha bese ikhanyisa inkomba yephutha lenjini.
Izingxenye zangaphakathi zenzwa zonakele
Inkinga eyinhloko ilele ekuhlulekeni kwezingxenye ezifana ne-chip yokuzwa ingcindezi kanye nesekethe yokukhulisa isignali yenzwa, okwenza kube nzima ukuphendula ngokunembile isignali yengcindezi eningi yokungenisa.
Izimpawu ezifanayo: Ukubalwa okunganembile komthamo wokufakwa kukaphethiloli, okuholela engxubeni ecebile kakhulu noma engenamafutha amaningi. Uma ingxube icebile kakhulu, kuphuma intuthu emnyama epayipini lokukhipha uphethiloli futhi ukusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli kuyanda. Uma ingxube ingenamafutha amaningi kakhulu, amandla enjini ayancipha bese kuba nomlilo obuyela emuva.
Ukungena komoya kwenzwa kuvinjiwe noma kuyavuza
Inzwa ixhunywe ku-input manifold nge-vacuum tube. Uma i-vacuum tube ivinjiwe, igobile noma ivuza, izokwenza ukuthi isignali yokucindezela eqoqwe yinzwa iphambukiswe.
Izimpawu ezifanayo: ukudlidliza okungasebenzi, ukubambezeleka kokusheshisa. Amanye amamodeli angase abe nesivinini sokungasebenzi esiphakeme kakhulu noma esiphansi kakhulu.
Ukuzulazula kwesignali yenzwa
Leli yiphutha elifihliwe. Inzwa ayikaphumeleli ngokuphelele, kodwa inani lesignali yokukhipha liyaphambuka ebangeni elijwayelekile.
Izimpawu ezihambisanayo: Imoto ayibonisi zimpawu ezicacile zokungasebenzi kahle, kodwa izinkinga ezifana nokusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli okwenyuka ngendlela engavamile kanye nokusabela kwamandla okunciphile zingase zibe khona. Lezi zinkinga zingatholakala kuphela ngokusebenzisa ithuluzi lokuxilonga ukuze kufundwe umfudlana wedatha.
Ukuze kutholakale ukuthi isignali yenzwa yokucindezela kokungenisa imoto (inzwa ye-MAP) ijwayelekile yini, kunezindlela ezimbili eziyinhloko: ukufunda umfudlana wedatha ngethuluzi lokuxilonga kanye nokukala i-voltage/ukumelana nge-multimeter. Umsebenzi othize umi kanje:
I. Ukufunda umfudlana wedatha ngethuluzi lokuxilonga (elisetshenziswa kakhulu futhi elinembile)
Xhuma ithuluzi lokuxilonga imoto esibonakalayo se-OBD semoto, faka uhlelo lokulawula injini, khetha umsebenzi othi "Funda Ukusakaza Kwedatha", bese uthola into ethi "Ukucindezela Okuphelele Kokungenisa Okune-Intake".
Qhathanisa amanani okucindezela ngaphansi kwezimo zokusebenza ezahlukene ukuze ubone ukuthi awela yini ngaphakathi kobubanzi obujwayelekile (izindinganiso zingase zihluke kancane phakathi kwamamodeli ezimoto ahlukene, sicela ubheke incwadi yemiyalelo yokulungisa)
Isimo sokungenzi lutho: Inani elijwayelekile lokucindezela ngokuvamile liphakathi kuka-20 no-40kPa.
Ngaphansi kwesimo se-throttle evulekile ngokuphelele (ukusheshisa okungazelelwe), inani lokucindezela lizokhuphuka ngokushesha lifike ku-80 kuya ku-100kPa (eduze kwengcindezi yangaphandle yomoya).
Khipha ipayipi le-vacuum lenzwa: Inani lokucindezela lizokhuphuka ngokushesha, lisondele kungcindezi yangaphandle yomoya, okubonisa ukuthi inzwa kanye nepayipi kuqhubeka ngendlela evamile.
Uma amanani okusakaza idatha ehlala eqinile ngaso sonke isikhathi, ephambuka kakhulu ebangeni elijwayelekile, noma engabonisi mpendulo ezinguqukweni ezimweni zokusebenza, kusho ukuthi isignali yesensa ayijwayelekile.
2. Kala i-voltage nge-multimeter (efanele ukuxazulula izinkinga ngesandla)
Thola ipulaki yesenzwa ye-MAP. Ngokuvamile, isenzwa inezintambo ezintathu: umugqa wamandla (5V), ucingo oluphansi, kanye nentambo yesiginali.
Jikisa inkinobho yokushisa iye endaweni ethi "VULA" (ungayiqalisi injini), bese ulinganisa ngebanga le-DC voltage le-multimeter:
I-voltage phakathi kwentambo kagesi kanye nentambo yomhlabathi kufanele ibe cishe yi-5V (uma i-voltage ingu-0 noma iphansi kakhulu, ikhombisa iphutha lokunikezwa kwamandla kulayini noma ku-ECU).
I-voltage phakathi komugqa wesignali kanye nomugqa womhlaba ngokuvamile ingama-volt angu-0.5 kuya ku-1.5 ngesivinini esingasebenzi. Uma i-throttle ivuliwe ngokugcwele, i-voltage izokhuphuka ifike kuma-volt angu-3.5 kuya ku-4.5.
Ngemva kokuqalisa injini, cindezela kancane i-accelerator pedal bese ubheka ukuthi i-voltage yomugqa wesiginali ikhuphuka kancane njengoba ukuvulwa kwe-throttle kukhula. Uma i-voltage ingashintshi, igxuma noma idlula ibanga, kusho ukuthi isignali yesenzwa ayijwayelekile.
Iii. Izindlela Zokwahlulela Ezisizayo
Qaphela isenzakalo sephutha: Uma imoto ibonisa isivinini esingazinzile sokungenzi lutho, ukusheshisa okubuthakathaka, ukusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli okuphezulu, kanye nokukhanya kwephutha kuvuliwe, futhi ikhodi yephutha ifundeka kanje "P0106/P0107/P0108" (ikhodi yephutha ehlobene nenzwa yokucindezela kokungenisa), kungenzeka kakhulu ukuthi isignali yesenzwa ayijwayelekile.
Hlola ithubhu le-vacuum: Khipha ithubhu le-vacuum elixhunywe ku-sensor ukuze ubone ukuthi kukhona yini ukuvaleka, ukuqhekeka noma ukuhlukana. Uma ithubhu le-vacuum livuza, lizobangela ukuthi isignali yokucindezela eqoqwe yi-sensor iphambukiswe futhi yahlulelwe ngokungalungile njengesignali engavamile.
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Inkampani Zhuo Meng Shanghai Auto Co., Ltd. uzibophezele ekuthengiseni i-MG&I-MAXUSizingxenye zezimoto zamukelekile ukuthenga.
