I-compressor ye-air conditioner yezimoto iyinhliziyo yesistimu yokuqandisa ye-air conditioner yezimoto futhi idlala indima yokucindezela nokuthutha umhwamuko we-refrigerant. Kunezinhlobo ezimbili zama-compressor: ukufuduka okungaguquguquki kanye nokufuduka okuguquguqukayo. Ngokwemigomo yokusebenza ehlukene, ama-compressor e-air conditioner angahlukaniswa abe ama-compressor e-fixed displacement kanye nama-compressor e-variable displacement.
Ngokwezindlela ezahlukene zokusebenza, ama-compressor ngokuvamile angahlukaniswa ngezinhlobo ezijikelezayo nezijikelezayo. Ama-compressor avamile ajikelezayo afaka uhlobo lwenduku yokuxhuma ye-crankshaft kanye nohlobo lwe-axial piston, kanti ama-compressor avamile ajikelezayo afaka uhlobo lwe-rotary vane kanye nohlobo lokuskrola.
I-compressor ye-air conditioner yezimoto iyinhliziyo yesistimu yokuqandisa ye-air conditioner yezimoto futhi idlala indima yokucindezela nokuthutha umusi we-refrigerant.
Ukuhlukaniswa
Ama-compressor ahlukaniswe izinhlobo ezimbili: ukufuduka okungenakuguquguquka kanye nokufuduka okuguqukayo.
Ama-compressor omoya opholile ngokuvamile ahlukaniswe ngezinhlobo eziphindaphindayo kanye nezinhlobo ezijikelezayo ngokwezindlela zawo zokusebenza zangaphakathi.
Ukusakazwa kokuhlela ngezigaba okusebenzayo
Ngokwezimiso zokusebenza ezahlukene, ama-compressor omoya angahlukaniswa abe ama-compressor omoya angaguquki kanye nama-compressor omoya angaguquki angaguquki.
I-compressor yokufuduka elungisiwe
Ukufuduka kwe-compressor yokufuduka okuhleliwe kuyanda ngokulinganayo nokwenyuka kwesivinini senjini. Ayikwazi ukushintsha ngokuzenzakalelayo ukuphuma kwamandla ngokuya ngesidingo sokupholisa, futhi inomthelela omkhulu ekusetshenzisweni kukaphethiloli wenjini. Ukulawula kwayo ngokuvamile kuqoqa isignali yokushisa ye-air outlet ye-evaporator. Lapho izinga lokushisa lifika ezingeni lokushisa elibekiwe, i-clutch ye-electromagnetic ye-compressor iyakhululwa bese i-compressor iyeka ukusebenza. Lapho izinga lokushisa likhuphuka, i-clutch ye-electromagnetic iyabanjwa bese i-compressor iqala ukusebenza. I-compressor yokufuduka okuhleliwe nayo ilawulwa yingcindezi yesistimu yokupholisa umoya. Lapho ingcindezi epayipini iphezulu kakhulu, i-compressor iyayeka ukusebenza.
I-compressor ye-air conditioner eguquguqukayo
I-compressor yokuguquguquka eguquguqukayo ingakwazi ukulungisa ngokuzenzakalelayo ukuphuma kwamandla ngokuya ngokushisa okubekiwe. Uhlelo lokulawula umoya opholile aluqoqi isignali yokushisa ye-air outlet ye-evaporator, kodwa lulawula isilinganiso sokucindezela se-compressor ngokuya ngokushintsha kwesignali yengcindezi epayipini lomoya opholile ukuze lulungise ngokuzenzakalelayo izinga lokushisa le-air outlet. Kuyo yonke inqubo yokuqandisa, i-compressor isebenza njalo, futhi ukulungiswa kokuqina kwe-friji kulawulwa ngokuphelele yi-valve elawula ingcindezi efakwe ngaphakathi kwe-compressor. Lapho ingcindezi ekugcineni kokucindezela okuphezulu kwepayipi lomoya opholile iphezulu kakhulu, i-valve elawula ingcindezi ifinyeza i-piston stroke ku-compressor ukuze kuncishiswe isilinganiso sokucindezela, okuzonciphisa ukuqina kwe-friji. Lapho ingcindezi ekugcineni kokucindezela okuphezulu yehla iye ezingeni elithile futhi ingcindezi ekugcineni kokucindezela okuphansi ikhuphuke iye ezingeni elithile, i-valve elawula ingcindezi ikhulisa i-piston stroke ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukuqina kwe-friji.
Ukuhlukaniswa kwesitayela somsebenzi
Ngokwezindlela ezahlukene zokusebenza, ama-compressor ngokuvamile angahlukaniswa ngezinhlobo ezijikelezayo nezijikelezayo. Ama-compressor avamile ajikelezayo afaka uhlobo lwenduku yokuxhuma ye-crankshaft kanye nohlobo lwe-axial piston, kanti ama-compressor avamile ajikelezayo afaka uhlobo lwe-rotary vane kanye nohlobo lokuskrola.
I-Crankshaft connecting rod compressor
Inqubo yokusebenza yale compressor ingahlukaniswa ibe yizine, okungukuthi ukucindezela, ukukhipha umoya, ukwandisa, ukumunca. Lapho i-crankshaft ijikeleza, induku yokuxhuma iqhuba i-piston ukuze ivumelane, futhi ivolumu yokusebenza eyakhiwe udonga lwangaphakathi lwesilinda, ikhanda lesilinda kanye nobuso obuphezulu be-piston kuyashintsha njalo, ngaleyo ndlela kucindezela futhi kuthuthe i-refrigerant ohlelweni lokuqandisa. I-crankshaft connecting rod compressor iyi-compressor yesizukulwane sokuqala. Isetshenziswa kabanzi, inobuchwepheshe bokukhiqiza obuvuthiwe, isakhiwo esilula, izidingo eziphansi ezintweni zokucubungula kanye nobuchwepheshe bokucubungula, kanye nezindleko eziphansi kakhulu. Iyakwazi ukuzivumelanisa nezimo, ingakwazi ukuzivumelanisa nobubanzi bokucindezela kanye nezidingo zamandla okuqandisa, futhi iyakwazi ukugcinwa kahle.
Kodwa-ke, i-crankshaft connecting rod compressor nayo inezinkinga ezithile ezisobala, njengokungakwazi ukufinyelela isivinini esikhulu, umshini mkhulu futhi usinda, futhi akulula ukufinyelela isisindo esilula. I-exhaust ayiqhubeki, ukuhamba komoya kuthambekele ekushintsheni, futhi kukhona ukudlidliza okukhulu ngesikhathi sokusebenza.
Ngenxa yezici ezingenhla zama-compressor e-crankshaft-connecting-rod, ambalwa ama-compressor amancane asebenzisa lesi sakhiwo. Njengamanje, ama-compressor e-crankshaft-connecting-rod asetshenziswa kakhulu ezinhlelweni zomoya ezikhuphula umoya ezinkulu zezimoto zabagibeli namaloli.
I-Axial Piston Compressor
Ama-compressor e-axial piston angabizwa ngokuthi ama-compressor esizukulwane sesibili, kanti avamile ama-compressor e-rocker-plate noma ama-swash-plate, okuyimikhiqizo eyinhloko kuma-compressor e-air-conditioning ezimoto. Izingxenye eziyinhloko ze-compressor ye-swash plate yi-shaft eyinhloko kanye ne-swash plate. Ama-cylinder ahlelwe ngendlela ezungezile nge-shaft eyinhloko ye-compressor njengesikhungo, futhi isiqondiso sokunyakaza kwe-piston sihambisana ne-shaft eyinhloko ye-compressor. Ama-piston amaningi ama-compressor e-swash plate enziwa njengama-piston anezinhloko ezimbili, njenge-compressor ye-axial 6-cylinder, ama-cylinder amathathu angaphambili kwe-compressor, kanti amanye ama-cylinder amathathu angemuva kwe-compressor. Ama-piston anezinhloko ezimbili ashelela ndawonye kuma-cylinder aphambene. Lapho ukuphela kwe-piston kucindezela umusi we-refrigerant ku-cylinder engaphambili, okunye ukuphela kwe-piston kuhogela umusi we-refrigerant ku-cylinder engemuva. Isilinda ngasinye sihlonyiswe ngama-valve omoya anamandla aphezulu naphansi, kanti omunye umbhobho ocindezelayo usetshenziselwa ukuxhuma amakamelo angaphambili nangemuva anomfutho ophezulu. Ipuleti elithambekile liqiniswe nomgodi oyinhloko we-compressor, umkhawulo wepuleti elithambekile uhlanganiswa emseleni ophakathi kwepiston, kanti umsele wepiston kanye nomngcele wepuleti elithambekile kusekelwa ama-bearings ebhola lensimbi. Lapho umgodi oyinhloko ujikeleza, ipuleti le-swash nalo liyajikeleza, futhi umkhawulo wepuleti le-swash usunduza i-piston ukuze ibuyele emuva nge-axial. Uma ipuleti le-swash lijikeleza kanye, amapiston amabili angaphambili nangemuva ngalinye liqedela umjikelezo wokucindezela, ukukhipha umoya, ukwandisa, kanye nokumunca, okulingana nomsebenzi wama-cylinder amabili. Uma kuyi-compressor yama-cylinder ayi-6 axial, ama-cylinder amathathu nama-piston amathathu anekhanda eliphindwe kabili asatshalaliswa ngokulinganayo engxenyeni yebhulokhi yesilinda. Lapho umgodi oyinhloko ujikeleza kanye, ulingana nomphumela wama-cylinder ayi-6.
I-compressor ye-swash plate kulula kakhulu ukuyifinyelela i-miniaturization kanye nesisindo esincane, futhi ingafinyelela ukusebenza okusheshayo. Inesakhiwo esincane, ukusebenza kahle okuphezulu kanye nokusebenza okuthembekile. Ngemva kokusebenzisa ukulawula ukufuduka okuguquguqukayo, isetshenziswa kabanzi kuma-air conditioner ezimoto.
I-Rotary Vane Compressor
Kunezinhlobo ezimbili zezimo zesilinda zama-compressor e-rotary vane: ayindilinga kanye ne-oval. Ku-cylinder eyindilinga, i-shaft eyinhloko ye-rotor inebanga elingavamile ukusuka enkabeni ye-cylinder, ukuze i-rotor inamathele eduze phakathi kwezimbobo zokumunca kanye nezimbobo zokukhipha umoya ebusweni bangaphakathi be-cylinder. Ku-cylinder eyindilinga, i-axis eyinhloko ye-rotor kanye nesikhungo se-ellipse kuyavumelana. Ama-blade ku-rotor ahlukanisa i-cylinder zibe yizikhala eziningana. Lapho i-shaft eyinhloko iqhuba i-rotor ukuthi ijikeleze kanye, ivolumu yalezi zikhala iyashintsha njalo, kanti umusi we-refrigerant nawo uyashintsha ngevolumu kanye nokushisa kulezi zikhala. Ama-compressor e-rotary vane awanawo i-suction valve ngoba ama-vane enza umsebenzi wokumunca nokucindezela i-refrigerant. Uma kune-blade ezimbili, kunezinqubo ezimbili zokukhipha umoya ekujikelezeni okukodwa kwe-shaft eyinhloko. Uma ama-blade amaningi, kulapho ukuguquguquka kokukhipha kwe-compressor kuncane khona.
Njenge-compressor yesizukulwane sesithathu, ngoba ivolumu nesisindo se-rotary vane compressor kungenziwa kube kuncane, kulula ukuyihlela endaweni encane yenjini, kanye nezinzuzo zomsindo ophansi nokudlidliza, kanye nokusebenza kahle kwe-volumetric ephezulu, isetshenziswa futhi ezinhlelweni zomoya-mpilo zezimoto. Ithole ukusetshenziswa okuthile. Kodwa-ke, i-rotary vane compressor inezidingo eziphezulu zokunemba komshini kanye nezindleko eziphezulu zokukhiqiza.
i-scroll compressor
Ama-compressor anjalo angabizwa ngokuthi ama-compressor esizukulwane sesi-4. Isakhiwo sama-compressor okuskrola sihlukaniswe kakhulu ngezinhlobo ezimbili: uhlobo oluguquguqukayo nolungaguquki kanye nohlobo lokuguquka okuphindwe kabili. Njengamanje, uhlobo oluguquguqukayo nolungaguquki luyisicelo esivame kakhulu. Izingxenye zalo ezisebenzayo zakhiwe kakhulu yi-turbine eguquguqukayo kanye ne-turbine engaguquki. Izakhiwo zama-turbine aguquguqukayo nangaguquki zifana kakhulu, futhi zombili zakhiwe yi-end plate kanye ne-involute spiral tooth esukela e-end plate, zombili zihlelwe ngendlela engavamile futhi umehluko ungu-180°, i-static turbine ayimi, kanti i-turbine ehambayo ijikeleziswa ngendlela engavamile futhi ihunyushwe yi-crankshaft ngaphansi kwemingcele yendlela ekhethekile yokulwa nokujikeleza, okungukuthi, akukho ukujikeleza, kuphela ukuguquka. Ama-scroll compressor anezinzuzo eziningi. Isibonelo, i-compressor incane ngobukhulu futhi inesisindo esincane, futhi i-eccentric shaft eqhuba ukunyakaza kwe-turbine ingajikeleza ngesivinini esikhulu. Ngenxa yokuthi ayikho i-suction valve kanye ne-discharge valve, i-scroll compressor isebenza ngokuthembeka, futhi kulula ukuqaphela ukunyakaza kwesivinini esiguquguqukayo kanye nobuchwepheshe bokufuduka okuguquguqukayo. Amakamelo amaningi okucindezela asebenza ngesikhathi esisodwa, umehluko wokucindezela kwegesi phakathi kwamakamelo okucindezela aseduze mncane, ukuvuza kwegesi kuncane, kanti ukusebenza kahle kwevolumu kuphezulu. Ama-scroll compressor asesetshenziswa kabanzi emkhakheni wokuqandisa okuncane ngenxa yezinzuzo zawo zesakhiwo esiqinile, ukusebenza kahle okuphezulu nokonga amandla, ukudlidliza okuphansi nomsindo ophansi, kanye nokuthembeka kokusebenza, ngakho-ke abe ngenye yezindlela eziyinhloko zokuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe be-compressor.
Ukungasebenzi kahle okuvamile
Njengengxenye yokusebenza ejikelezayo ngesivinini esikhulu, i-compressor ye-air conditioner inamathuba aphezulu okwehluleka. Amaphutha avamile umsindo ongajwayelekile, ukuvuza kanye nokungasebenzi.
(1) Umsindo ongajwayelekile Kunezizathu eziningi zomsindo ongajwayelekile we-compressor. Isibonelo, i-clutch kagesi ye-compressor yonakele, noma ingaphakathi le-compressor ligugile kakhulu, njll., okungabangela umsindo ongajwayelekile.
①I-clutch kagesi ye-compressor iyindawo evamile lapho kwenzeka khona umsindo ongajwayelekile. I-compressor ivame ukusebenza kusukela esivinini esiphansi kuya esivinini esiphezulu ngaphansi komthwalo ophezulu, ngakho-ke izidingo ze-clutch kagesi ziphakeme kakhulu, futhi indawo yokufaka i-clutch kagesi ngokuvamile iseduze nomhlabathi, futhi ivame ukuchayeka emanzini emvula nasenhlabathini. Lapho i-bearing ku-clutch kagesi yonakele, kuvela umsindo ongajwayelekile.
②Ngaphezu kwenkinga ye-clutch ye-electromagnetic uqobo, ukuqina kwebhande le-compressor drive nakho kuthinta ngqo impilo ye-clutch ye-electromagnetic. Uma ibhande le-transmission likhululekile kakhulu, i-electromagnetic clutch ithambekele ekusheleleni; uma ibhande le-transmission liqinile kakhulu, umthwalo ku-clutch ye-electromagnetic uzokwanda. Uma ukuqina kwebhande le-transmission kungalungile, i-compressor ngeke isebenze ezingeni lokukhanya, futhi i-compressor izolimala uma isinda. Uma ibhande le-drive lisebenza, uma i-compressor pulley kanye ne-generator pulley zingekho endaweni efanayo, kuzonciphisa impilo yebhande le-drive noma i-compressor.
③ Ukumunca nokuvala okuphindaphindiwe kwe-clutch kagesi nakho kuzobangela umsindo ongajwayelekile ku-compressor. Isibonelo, ukukhiqizwa kwamandla kwejeneretha akwanele, ingcindezi yesistimu yokupholisa umoya iphezulu kakhulu, noma umthwalo wenjini mkhulu kakhulu, okuzobangela ukuthi i-clutch kagesi idonse ngokuphindaphindiwe.
④Kufanele kube negebe elithile phakathi kwe-clutch kagesi kanye nendawo yokufaka i-compressor. Uma igebe likhulu kakhulu, umthelela uzokwanda. Uma igebe lincane kakhulu, i-clutch kagesi izophazamisa indawo yokufaka i-compressor ngesikhathi sokusebenza. Lokhu futhi kuyimbangela evamile yomsindo ongajwayelekile.
⑤ I-compressor idinga ukugcotshwa okuthembekile lapho isebenza. Uma i-compressor ingenayo i-oyela yokugcotshwa, noma i-oyela yokugcotshwa ingasetshenziswanga kahle, umsindo omkhulu ongajwayelekile uzovela ngaphakathi kwe-compressor, futhi uze ubangele ukuthi i-compressor iguge futhi ilahlwe.
(2) Ukuvuza Ukuvuza kwe-refrigerant kuyinkinga evame kakhulu ezinhlelweni zomoya opholile. Ingxenye evuzayo ye-compressor ivame ukuba semhlanganweni we-compressor namapayipi anomfutho ophezulu nophansi, lapho kuvame ukuba nzima ukuhlola ngenxa yendawo yokufaka. Umfutho wangaphakathi wesistimu yomoya opholile uphezulu kakhulu, futhi lapho i-refrigerant ivuza, uwoyela we-compressor uzolahleka, okuzobangela ukuthi uhlelo lomoya opholile lungasebenzi noma i-compressor ingagcotshwa kahle. Kukhona ama-valve okuvikela ukucindezela kuma-compressor omoya opholile. Ama-valve okuvikela ukucindezela avame ukusetshenziselwa ukusetshenziswa kanye. Ngemva kokuba umfutho wesistimu uphezulu kakhulu, i-valve yokuvikela ukucindezela kufanele ishintshwe ngesikhathi.
(3) Akusebenzi Kunezizathu eziningi zokuthi kungani i-compressor ye-air conditioner ingasebenzi, ngokuvamile ngenxa yezinkinga zesekethe ezihlobene. Ungahlola kuqala ukuthi i-compressor yonakele ngokunikeza amandla ngqo ku-clutch kagesi ye-compressor.
Izinyathelo zokulungisa umoya opholile
Izinkinga zokuphepha okufanele uziqaphele lapho uphatha amafriji
(1) Ungaphathi isiqandisi endaweni evaliwe noma eduze kwelangabi elivulekile;
(2) Izibuko zokuzivikela kumele zigqokwe;
(3) Gwema ukungena kwesiqandisi esiwuketshezi emehlweni noma ukuchelela esikhumbeni;
(4) Ungakhombisi abantu phansi kwethangi lesiqandisi, amanye amathangi esiqandisi anemishini yokungenisa umoya ephuthumayo phansi;
(5) Ungafaki ithangi lesiqandisi ngqo emanzini ashisayo anezinga lokushisa elingaphezu kuka-40°C;
(6) Uma i-refrigerant ewuketshezi ingena emehlweni noma ithinta isikhumba, ungayihlikihli, yihlanze ngokushesha ngamanzi abandayo amaningi, bese uya esibhedlela ngokushesha ukuze uthole udokotela ukuze uthole ukwelashwa kochwepheshe, futhi ungazami ukubhekana nakho wena ngokwakho.
