I-compressor ye-air-conditioning yezimoto iyinhliziyo yesistimu yesiqandisi se-air-conditioning yezimoto futhi idlala indima yokucindezela nokuthutha umhwamuko wesiqandisi. Kunezinhlobo ezimbili zama-compressor: ukufuduka okungaguquki kanye nokuguquguquka okuguquguqukayo. Ngokwemigomo yokusebenza ehlukene, ama-compressor air conditioning angahlukaniswa abe ama-compressor displacement angashintshi kanye nama-compressor displacement ahlukahlukene.
Ngokwezindlela ezihlukene zokusebenza, ama-compressor ngokuvamile angahlukaniswa abe izinhlobo eziphindaphindayo nezijikelezayo. Ama-compressor ajwayelekile aphindaphindayo afaka uhlobo lwenduku yokuxhuma i-crankshaft kanye nohlobo lwe-axial piston, futhi ama-compressor ajwayelekile ajikelezayo ahlanganisa uhlobo lwe-rotary vane nohlobo lokuskrola.
I-compressor ye-air-conditioning yezimoto iyinhliziyo yesistimu yesiqandisi se-air-conditioning yezimoto futhi idlala indima yokucindezela nokuthutha umhwamuko wesiqandisi.
Ukwahlukanisa
Ama-compressor ahlukaniswe abe izinhlobo ezimbili: ukufuduka okungaguquki kanye nokuguquguquka okuguquguqukayo.
Ama-compressor air-conditioning ngokuvamile ahlukaniswa abe izinhlobo eziphindaphindayo nezishintshayo ngokuya nezindlela zabo zokusebenza zangaphakathi.
Ukusakazwa kokuhlela komgomo wokusebenza
Ngokwemigomo yokusebenza ehlukene, ama-compressor air conditioning angahlukaniswa abe ama-compressor displacement angashintshi kanye nama-compressor displacement ahlukahlukene.
I-compressor yokufuduka egxilile
Ukugudluzwa kwe-fixed-displacement compressor kukhula ngokulinganayo ngokunyuka kwesivinini senjini. Ayikwazi ukushintsha ngokuzenzakalelayo ukuphuma kwamandla ngokwesidingo sokupholisa, futhi inomthelela omkhulu ekusetshenzisweni kukaphethiloli wenjini. Ukulawula kwayo ngokuvamile kuqoqa isignali yezinga lokushisa le-outlet yomoya we-evaporator. Lapho izinga lokushisa lifinyelela izinga lokushisa elibekiwe, i-clutch ye-electromagnetic ye-compressor iyakhululwa futhi i-compressor iyeke ukusebenza. Lapho izinga lokushisa likhuphuka, i-clutch ye-electromagnetic iyasebenza futhi i-compressor iqala ukusebenza. I-fixed displacement compressor nayo ilawulwa ukucindezela kwesistimu ye-air conditioning. Lapho ingcindezi epayipini iphezulu kakhulu, i-compressor iyayeka ukusebenza.
I-compressor ye-air conditioner eguquguqukayo
I-variable displacement compressor ingalungisa ngokuzenzakalelayo ukuphuma kwamandla kuye ngokwezinga lokushisa elibekiwe. Isistimu yokulawula isimo somoya ayiqoqi isignali yokushisa ye-air outlet ye-evaporator, kodwa ilawula isilinganiso sokuminyanisa se-compressor ngokusho kwesignali yoshintsho yokucindezela epayipini le-air-conditioning ukuze lilungise ngokuzenzakalelayo izinga lokushisa le-air outlet. Kuyo yonke inqubo yesiqandisi, i-compressor ihlala isebenza, futhi ukulungiswa kokuqina kwesiqandisi kulawulwa ngokuphelele yi-valve yokulawula ingcindezi efakwe ngaphakathi kwe-compressor. Uma ingcindezi ekugcineni yephayiphi le-air-conditioning iphezulu kakhulu, i-valve elawula ingcindezi ifinyeza ukushaywa kwepiston ku-compressor ukuze kuncishiswe isilinganiso sokuminyanisa, okuzonciphisa ukuqina kwesiqandisi. Lapho ukucindezela ekugcineni komfutho ophezulu wehlela ezingeni elithile futhi ingcindezi ekugcineni kwengcindezi ephansi ikhuphukela ezingeni elithile, i-valve elawula ukucindezela inyusa i-piston stroke ukuze kuthuthukiswe amandla esiqandisi.
Ukuhlukaniswa kwesitayela somsebenzi
Ngokwezindlela ezihlukene zokusebenza, ama-compressor ngokuvamile angahlukaniswa abe izinhlobo eziphindaphindayo nezijikelezayo. Ama-compressor ajwayelekile aphindaphindayo afaka uhlobo lwenduku yokuxhuma i-crankshaft kanye nohlobo lwe-axial piston, futhi ama-compressor ajwayelekile ajikelezayo ahlanganisa uhlobo lwe-rotary vane nohlobo lokuskrola.
I-compressor yenduku yokuxhuma i-Crankshaft
Inqubo yokusebenza yale compressor ingahlukaniswa zibe ezine, okungukuthi ukucindezela, ukukhipha, ukunwetshwa, ukumunca. Lapho i-crankshaft ijikeleza, induku yokuxhuma ishayela i-piston ukuze ibuyele, futhi umthamo osebenzayo ohlanganiswe nodonga lwangaphakathi lwesilinda, ikhanda le-cylinder kanye nendawo engaphezulu ye-piston ishintsha ngezikhathi ezithile, ngaleyo ndlela icindezela futhi ihambise isiqandisi ohlelweni lwesiqandisi. . I-compressor yenduku yokuxhuma i-crankshaft iyi-compressor yesizukulwane sokuqala. Isetshenziswa kabanzi, inobuchwepheshe bokukhiqiza obuvuthiwe, isakhiwo esilula, izidingo eziphansi zokucubungula izinto kanye nobuchwepheshe bokucubungula, kanye nezindleko eziphansi kakhulu. Inokuvumelana nezimo okuqinile, ingakwazi ukuzivumelanisa nobubanzi obubanzi bengcindezi kanye nezidingo zamandla esiqandisi, futhi inokugcinwa okuqinile.
Kodwa-ke, i-compressor yenduku yokuxhuma i-crankshaft nayo inokushiyeka okusobala, njengokungakwazi ukufeza isivinini esikhulu, umshini mkhulu futhi uyasinda, futhi akulula ukufeza isisindo esilula. I-exhaust ayiqhubeki, ukugeleza komoya kujwayele ukushintshashintsha, futhi kuba nokudlidliza okukhulu ngesikhathi sokusebenza.
Ngenxa yezici ezingenhla ze-crankshaft-connecting-rod compressor, ambalwa ama-compressor amancane athatha lesi sakhiwo. Njengamanje, ama-compressor e-crankshaft-connecting-rod asetshenziswa kakhulu ezinhlelweni zokupholisa umoya ezisuka ezindaweni ezinkulu ezimotweni zabagibeli namaloli.
I-Axial Piston Compressor
Ama-compressor e-axial piston angabizwa ngokuthi ama-compressor esizukulwane sesibili, kanti lawo ajwayelekile ama-rocker-plate noma ama-swash-plate compressors, okuyimikhiqizo evamile kuma-compressor air-conditioning ezimoto. Izingxenye eziyinhloko ze-compressor ye-swash plate yi-shaft eyinhloko kanye ne-swash plate. Amasilinda ahlelwe ngokuzungeza nge-shaft eyinhloko ye-compressor njengesikhungo, futhi indlela yokunyakaza ye-piston ihambisana ne-shaft eyinhloko ye-compressor. Ama-pistons ama-compressor amaningi we-swash plate enziwa njengama-piston anekhanda eliphindwe kabili, njenge-axial 6-cylinder compressor, amasilinda ama-3 angaphambili kwe-compressor, kanti amanye amasilinda ama-3 angemuva kwe-compressor. Amaphiston anamakhanda amabili ashelela ngokuhambisana kumasilinda aphambene. Lapho ingxenye eyodwa yepiston icindezela umhwamuko oyisiqandisi kusilinda sangaphambili, enye ingxenye yepiston ihogela umhwamuko oyisiqandisi kusilinda sangemuva. I-cylinder ngayinye ifakwe ama-valve omoya aphezulu naphansi, futhi elinye ipayipi elicindezelayo lisetshenziselwa ukuxhuma amagumbi angaphambili nangemuva. Ipuleti ethambekele ihlanganiswe ne-shaft eyinhloko ye-compressor, umkhawulo wepuleti ethambekele ihlanganiswe emseleni ophakathi kwe-piston, futhi i-piston groove kanye nomkhawulo wepuleti ethambekele isekelwa amabhola ensimbi. Lapho i-shaft eyinhloko izungeza, ipuleti lokugeza nalo liyazungeza, futhi unqenqema lwepuleti lokugeza luphusha i-piston ukuze ibuyelelane nge-axially. Uma ipuleti lokugeza lizungeza kanye, amapiston amabili angaphambili nangemuva ngalinye liqedela umjikelezo wokuminyanisa, i-exhaust, ukunwetshwa, kanye nokumunca, okulingana nomsebenzi wamasilinda amabili. Uma kuyi-axial 6-cylinder compressor, amasilinda angu-3 namapiston angu-3 anamakhanda aphindwe kabili asatshalaliswa ngokulinganayo esigabeni se-cylinder block. Lapho i-shaft eyinhloko izungeza kanye, ilingana nomphumela wamasilinda angu-6.
I-compressor yepuleti le-swash kulula ukufeza i-miniaturization nesisindo esilula, futhi ingafinyelela ukusebenza ngesivinini esikhulu. Inesakhiwo esihlangene, ukusebenza kahle okuphezulu nokusebenza okuthembekile. Ngemuva kokubona ukulawulwa kokuguquguquka okuguquguqukayo, isetshenziswa kabanzi kuma-air conditioner ezimoto.
I-Rotary Vane Compressor
Kunezinhlobo ezimbili zamajamo we-cylinder we-rotary vane compressor: eyindilinga kanye ne-oval. Ku-cylinder eyindilinga, i-shaft eyinhloko ye-rotor inebanga eli-eccentric ukusuka enkabeni ye-cylinder, ukuze i-rotor ihlanganiswe eduze phakathi kwezimbobo zokudonsa nokukhipha endaweni yangaphakathi yesilinda. Kusilinda esiyi-elliptical, i-axis eyinhloko ye-rotor kanye nendawo ephakathi kwe-ellipse kuhambisana. Ama-blades ku-rotor ahlukanisa isilinda ezindaweni eziningana. Lapho i-shaft eyinhloko ishayela i-rotor ukuthi ijikeleze kanye, umthamo walezi zikhala ushintsha ngokuqhubekayo, futhi umhwamuko wesiqandisi nawo ushintsha umthamo kanye nezinga lokushisa kulezi zikhala. Ama-Rotary vane compressor awanawo ama-valve okumunca ngoba ama-vanes enza umsebenzi wokumunca nokucindezela isiqandisi. Uma kukhona ama-blade ama-2, kunezinqubo ezi-2 zokuqeda ekujikelezeni okukodwa kwe-shaft eyinhloko. Uma ama-blades engeziwe, ukuguquguquka kokukhishwa kwe-compressor kuncane.
Njenge-compressor yesizukulwane sesithathu, ngenxa yokuthi ivolumu nesisindo se-rotary vane compressor ingenziwa ibe mncane, kulula ukuyihlela endaweni encane yenjini, kuhlanganiswe nezinzuzo zomsindo ophansi nokudlidliza, nokusebenza kahle kwevolumu ephezulu. iphinde isetshenziswe kumasistimu omoya wezimoto. ngithole isicelo. Kodwa-ke, i-rotary vane compressor inezidingo eziphezulu zokunemba komshini kanye nezindleko eziphezulu zokukhiqiza.
skrola i-compressor
Ama-compressor anjalo angabizwa ngokuthi ama-compressor esizukulwane sesine. Isakhiwo se-scroll compressor sihlukaniswe kakhulu ngezinhlobo ezimbili: uhlobo oluguquguqukayo nolumile kanye nohlobo lwenguquko ephindwe kabili. Njengamanje, uhlobo oluguquguqukayo nolumile luwuhlelo oluvame kakhulu. Izingxenye zayo zokusebenza zakhiwe ngokuyinhloko i-turbine eguquguqukayo kanye ne-static turbine. Izakhiwo zama-turbine ashukumisayo namile zifana kakhulu, futhi zombili zakhiwe ngepuleti lokugcina nezinyo elivunguzayo elingaphakathi elisuka epuleti lokugcina, lawa amabili ahlelwe ngendlela ehlukanisayo futhi umehluko ungu-180°, i-static turbine imile, futhi i-turbine ehambayo izungeziswa ngokuyimfihlo futhi ihunyushwe yi-crankshaft ngaphansi kokuvinjelwa kwendlela ekhethekile yokulwa nokujikeleza, okungukuthi, akukho ukuzungezisa, ukuguquguquka kuphela. Ama-scroll compressor anezinzuzo eziningi. Isibonelo, i-compressor incane ngosayizi futhi ilula ngesisindo, futhi i-eccentric shaft eshayela ukunyakaza kwe-turbine ingajikeleza ngesivinini esikhulu. Ngenxa yokuthi ayikho i-valve yokumunca kanye ne-valve yokukhipha, i-scroll compressor isebenza ngokuthembekile, futhi kulula ukubona ukunyakaza kwesivinini esiguquguqukayo kanye nobuchwepheshe bokuguquguquka okuguquguqukayo. Amakamelo okucindezela amaningi asebenza ngesikhathi esifanayo, umehluko wengcindezi yegesi phakathi kwamakamelo okucindezela aseduze mncane, ukuvuza kwegesi kuncane, nokusebenza kahle kwevolumu kuphezulu. Ama-scroll compressor asesetshenziswa kabanzi emkhakheni weziqandisi ezincane ngenxa yezinzuzo zawo zesakhiwo esihlangene, ukusebenza kahle okuphezulu nokonga amandla, ukudlidliza okuphansi nomsindo ophansi, nokuthembeka kokusebenza, futhi ngaleyo ndlela abe ngenye yezinkomba eziphambili zobuchwepheshe be-compressor. ukuthuthukiswa.
Ukungasebenzi kahle okuvamile
Njengengxenye yokusebenza ejikelezayo ngesivinini esiphezulu, i-compressor ye-air conditioner inethuba elikhulu lokuhluleka. Amaphutha ajwayelekile umsindo ongajwayelekile, ukuvuza nokungasebenzi.
(1) Umsindo ongavamile Kunezizathu eziningi zomsindo ongavamile we-compressor. Isibonelo, i-electromagnetic clutch ye-compressor yonakalisiwe, noma ingaphakathi le-compressor ligugile kakhulu, njll, okungabangela umsindo ongavamile.
①I-electromagnetic clutch ye-compressor iyindawo evamile lapho kwenzeka khona umsindo ongajwayelekile. I-compressor ivame ukusuka ejubaneni eliphansi iye ejubaneni elikhulu ngaphansi komthwalo omkhulu, ngakho-ke izidingo ze-clutch kagesi ziphezulu kakhulu, futhi indawo yokufaka i-clutch kagesi ngokuvamile iseduze nomhlabathi, futhi ivamise ukuchayeka emanzini emvula nasenhlabathini. Lapho ukuthwala ku-clutch ka-electromagnetic konakaliswa umsindo ongavamile.
②Ngaphezu kwenkinga ye-clutch kagesi uqobo, ukuqina kwebhande le-compressor drive nakho kuthinta ngqo impilo ye-clutch kagesi. Uma ibhande lokudlulisela lixega kakhulu, i-clutch kagesi ijwayele ukushelela; uma ibhande lokudlulisela liqine kakhulu, umthwalo ku-clutch kagesi uzokwanda. Uma ukuqina kwebhande lokudlulisela kungalungile, i-compressor ngeke isebenze ezingeni lokukhanya, futhi i-compressor izolimala uma isindayo. Lapho ibhande lokushayela lisebenza, uma i-compressor pulley kanye ne-generator pulley engekho endizeni efanayo, izonciphisa impilo yebhande lokushayela noma i-compressor.
③ Ukumunca okuphindaphindiwe nokuvalwa kwe-clutch kagesi nakho kuzodala umsindo ongajwayelekile ku-compressor. Isibonelo, ukuphehlwa kwamandla kwejeneretha akwanele, ukucindezela kwesistimu ye-air conditioning kuphezulu kakhulu, noma umthwalo wenjini mkhulu kakhulu, okuzokwenza ukuthi i-clutch kagesi idonse ngokuphindaphindiwe.
④Kufanele kube negebe elithile phakathi kwe-clutch ka-electromagnetic kanye ne-compressor mounting surface. Uma igebe likhulu kakhulu, umthelela nawo uzokwanda. Uma igebe lincane kakhulu, i-electromagnetic clutch izophazamisa indawo yokufaka i-compressor ngesikhathi sokusebenza. Lokhu futhi kuyimbangela evamile yomsindo ongajwayelekile.
⑤ I-compressor idinga ukugcotshwa okuthembekile lapho isebenza. Uma i-compressor ingenawo uwoyela wokugcoba, noma uwoyela wokugcoba ungasetshenziswa ngendlela efanele, umsindo omkhulu ongajwayelekile uzokwenzeka ngaphakathi kwe-compressor, futhi ubangele nokuba i-compressor iguge futhi ichithwe.
(2) Ukuvuza kwe-Refrigerant Ukuvuza kuyinkinga evame kakhulu ezinhlelweni zokupholisa umoya. Ingxenye evuzayo ye-compressor ngokuvamile isendaweni ye-compressor kanye namapayipi okucindezela okuphezulu nokuphansi, lapho ngokuvamile kuba nzima ukuhlola ngenxa yendawo yokufaka. Ukucindezela kwangaphakathi kwesistimu ye-air-conditioning kuphezulu kakhulu, futhi lapho isiqandisi sivuza, uwoyela we-compressor uzolahleka, okuzokwenza ukuthi uhlelo lwe-air-conditioning lungasebenzi noma i-compressor ingagcotshwa kahle. Kunamavalvu okuvikela ingcindezi kuma-compressor ama-air conditioner. Amavalvu okuvikela ingcindezi ngokuvamile asetshenziselwa ukusetshenziswa kanye. Ngemuva kokuthi ingcindezi yesistimu iphezulu kakhulu, i-valve yokuvikela ingcindezi kufanele ishintshwe ngesikhathi.
(3) Ukungasebenzi Kunezizathu eziningi zokuthi kungani i-compressor ye-air conditioner ingasebenzi, ngokuvamile ngenxa yezinkinga zesekethe ezihlobene. Ungahlola kuqala ukuthi i-compressor yonakalisiwe yini ngokunikeza amandla ngokuqondile ku-clutch ye-electromagnetic ye-compressor.
Izinyathelo zokuphepha zokunakekelwa kwesimo somoya
Izinkinga zokuphepha okufanele uziqaphele lapho uphatha amafriji
(1) Ungazibambi isiqandisi endaweni evaliwe noma eduze nelangabi elivulekile;
(2) Kumelwe kugqokwe izibuko zokuzivikela;
(3) Gwema isiqandisi esiwuketshezi singene emehlweni noma sichaphaze esikhumbeni;
(4) Ungakhombi abantu phansi kwethangi lesiqandisi, amanye amathangi anesiqandisi anemishini yokukhipha umoya ophuthumayo ngaphansi;
(5) Ungalibeki ithange lesiqandisi ngokuqondile emanzini ashisayo anezinga lokushisa elingaphezu kuka-40°C;
(6) Uma isiqandisi esiwuketshezi singena emehlweni noma sithinta isikhumba, ungasihlikihli, sisihlambulule ngokushesha ngamanzi abandayo, futhi ngokushesha uye esibhedlela uyothola udokotela ukuze uthole ukwelashwa okuqeqeshiwe, futhi ungazami ukubhekana naso. nawe ngokwakho.
