I-Intake Valve: "Umphathi Wokuphefumula" Wenjini Nokuphathwa Kwamaphutha
Ohlelweni lokusebenza lwenjini yemoto, ivalvu yokungenisa ibhekwa njengeyona "mphathi wokuphefumula" oyinhloko, futhi isimo sayo sokusebenza sithinta ngqo amandla enjini, ukusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli, kanye nokuzinza. Akuyona nje into elula yokuvula, kodwa uhlelo oluqondile oluhlanganisa imizimba yamavalvu, amavalvu okuhlola, amavalvu ebhabhathane, njll. Ngokubambisana okuhlanganisiwe nevalvu yokukhipha umoya, ilawula ngokunembile ukugeleza nesikhathi somoya wokungenisa, okwenza injini isebenze kahle ngaphansi kwezimo ezahlukene.
Ngokombono womsebenzi oyinhloko, ivalvu yokungenisa ngokuyinhloko ithatha umthwalo wokulawula ukuhamba komoya okuguquguqukayo. Uma injini ingasebenzi noma isebenza ngesivinini esiphansi, ivalvu yokulawula igatsha lokungenisa izolungisa ubude bepayipi lokungenisa libe phezulu, ivumele umoya ukuthi wakhe i-vortex enamandla epayipini elide, futhi ixubane nophethiloli ngokulinganayo, ngaleyo ndlela iqinisekise ukuzinza kokusebenza kokungenzi lutho; kuyilapho lapho imoto ishesha kakhulu noma ingena ekushayeleni ngesivinini esikhulu, ubude bepayipi lokungenisa buzofinyezwa ngokuzenzakalelayo, kuncishiswe ukumelana komoya, kuvumele inani elikhulu lomoya omusha ukuthi lingene esilinda ngesikhathi esifushane, kuhlangatshezwane nezidingo zokungenisa zokukhipha amandla aphezulu. Okwesibili, ivalvu yokungenisa ingaphinde ifinyelele ekulinganisweni okunembile komoya wokungenisa. Yakha uhlelo lokulawula oluvaliwe olunezinzwa zokucindezela namavalvu e-solenoid, angalawula ngokunembile isilinganiso somoya-uphethiloli ngokwezimo zokusebenza zesikhathi sangempela senjini, okuvumela ukushiswa kukaphethiloli okuphelele futhi kuncishiswe ngempumelelo ukusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ivalvu yokungenisa inezindlela eziningi zokuvikela ukuphepha, njengokukwazi ukuvala indlela yomoya zingakapheli imizuzwana engu-0.3 uma kwenzeka ukuvala okuphuthumayo, enesakhiwo esivalwe kabili esingalawula ukuvuza kuze kube sezingeni eliphansi kakhulu, kanye nendlela yayo yevalvu kagesi ingamelana nemijikelezo yokuvula nokuvala eyizigidi ezimbili, okuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuzinzile kwesikhathi eside kwenjini.
Kodwa-ke, ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ivalvu yokungenisa ithambekele emaphutheni ahlukahlukene, okubangela izinkinga ezingaba khona ekusebenzeni kwemoto. Amaphutha ajwayelekile kakhulu afaka phakathi amandla anciphile, ukungahlaliseki kahle, kanye nokusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli okungajwayelekile. Uma ivalvu yokungenisa ibambeke endaweni evulekile ngokuphelele, amandla e-vortex lapho ingahlali kahle awanele, okubangela ukuthi injini inyakaze; uma ibambeke endaweni evaliwe ngokuphelele, ivolumu yokungenisa iyancipha ngesikhathi sokushayela ngesivinini esikhulu, hhayi nje kuphela okubangela ukwehla okukhulu kwamandla, kodwa futhi okubangela ukushiswa kukaphethiloli ukuthi kungabi ngokwanele, okuholela ekwandeni okukhulu kokusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli. Ezinye izimoto zingase zithole ubunzima bokuqala noma ukuntuleka kokuphendula kokusheshisa, ngenxa yomthelela wamaphutha evalvu yokungenisa ekhwalithini yengxube. Ngesikhathi sokuqala okubandayo, uphethiloli awukwazi ukushiswa ngokuphelele, futhi impendulo yokusheshisa iba yinde ngesikhathi sokushayela, ngezinkinga ezivelele kakhulu ezindaweni zokukhuphuka. Amaphutha amakhulu evalvu yokungenisa angabangela nokukhishwa komoya okungavamile, lapho igesi yokukhipha umoya emnyama ikhishwa epayipini lokukhipha umoya, ngezinye izikhathi ihambisana nokuvuza kwephunga likaphethiloli, ngisho "nokubuyela emuva" epayipini lokukhipha umoya.
Uma bebhekene nalezi ziphazamiso, abanikazi bezimoto kudingeka banake izimpawu ezingavamile zemoto ngesikhathi sokusetshenziswa kwansuku zonke futhi benze ukuhlolwa okuvamile kohlelo lokungenisa. Ngesikhathi sokulungiswa ngakunye, abasebenzi bokulungisa bangasebenzisa ithuluzi lokuxilonga ukuhlola idatha yokusebenza kwevalvu yokungenisa, futhi ngasikhathi sinye bahlole ukusebenza kokuvala kwevalvu lapho behlanza i-throttle. Uma indandatho yerabha isigugile, kufanele ishintshwe ngesikhathi. Uma kuvela izimpawu ezifana nokwehla kwamandla, ukunyakazisa okungasebenzi, noma amaphutha okusolwayo evalvu yokungenisa, kubalulekile ukuya esikhungweni sokulungisa sochwepheshe ukuze kulungiswe ukuze kugwenywe izinkinga ezincane eziphenduka amaphutha amakhulu futhi zithinte impilo yenkonzo yenjini.
I-valve yokungenisa, njengengxenye ebalulekile yenjini, ilawula buthule "isigqi sokuphefumula" senjini. Ukuqonda umsebenzi wayo kanye namaphutha avamile kungasiza abanikazi bezimoto ukuthi balondoloze kangcono imoto futhi bagcine injini isebenza kahle futhi izinzile.
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