Iyini isihlungi somoya semoto?
Isihlungi somoya luhlobo lwesihlungi, esaziwa nangokuthi i-cartridge yesihlungi somoya, isihlanzi somoya, njll. Sisetshenziswa kakhulu ekuhlungeni umoya ezimotweni zobunjiniyela, ezimotweni, ezimotweni zezolimo, emalabhorethri, emakamelweni okusebenza ahlanzekile, kanye namakamelo okusebenza ahlukahlukene ngokunemba.
Ngesikhathi sokusebenza kwenjini, umoya omningi uyadonswa. Uma umoya ungahlungiwe, uthuli olulenga emoyeni luzomuncwa lungene esilinda, okusheshisa ukuguguleka kweqembu le-piston kanye nesilinda. Izinhlayiya ezinkulu ezingena phakathi kwe-piston nesilinda zizobangela isenzakalo "sokudonsa isilinda" esibi kakhulu, esibi kakhulu ezindaweni zokusebenza ezomile nezinesihlabathi. Isihlungi somoya sifakwe phambi kwe-carburetor noma ipayipi lokungenisa futhi sisebenza ukuhlunga uthuli kanye nezinhlayiya zesihlabathi emoyeni, ukuqinisekisa ukuthi umoya owanele nohlanzekile ungeniswa esilinda.
Isihlungi somoya sezimoto siyingxenye ebalulekile yesistimu yokungenisa, esinomthwalo wokuhlunga ukungcola emoyeni okungena enjinini. Amaphutha avamile ahlanganisa ukuvaleka, umonakalo, kanye nokumuncwa komswakama. Lawa maphutha angathinta ngqo ukusebenza kwenjini futhi angabangela izixwayiso zamaphutha.
Izinhlobo ezivamile zamaphutha ezihlungi zomoya kanye nemiphumela yazo yilezi ezilandelayo: Ukuvaleka kuyinkinga evame kakhulu. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, uthuli nezinhlayiya ziyaqoqana, kwandise ukumelana kokungena futhi kubangele ukungena komoya okunganele enjinini, ngaleyo ndlela kuholele ekunciphiseni kwamandla, ubunzima bokusheshisa, ukwanda kokusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli (mhlawumbe kukhuphuke ngo-5% - 15%), kanye nokusha okungaphelele okuholela ekufakweni kwekhabhoni noma intuthu emnyama. Umonakalo uvame ukwenzeka ngenxa yomthelela wamandla angaphandle noma ukuguga, okuvumela umoya ongahlungiwe ukuthi ungene ngqo enjinini, kusheshiswe ukuguguleka kwezingxenye zangaphakathi futhi okungenzeka kubangele ukugqwala. Ukumuncwa komswakama kuvame ukwenzeka ezindaweni ezinomswakama noma ngemva kokucwiliswa emanzini, kunciphisa ukusebenza kahle kokuhlunga, kukhuthaze ukukhula kwesikhunta, futhi kuthinte ikhwalithi yomoya ngaphakathi emotweni. La maphutha angase futhi abangele ukukhanya kwephutha lenjini, ngenxa yezici ezifana nezihlungi ezingcolile, ukufakwa okungafanele, noma izinzwa ezingavamile (njengenzwa yekhwalithi yomoya).
Ukuze kuvinjelwe amaphutha, kunconywa izinyathelo ezilandelayo: Hlola njalo futhi ufake izihlungi zomoya esikhundleni sazo. Ezimotweni ezishayela emadolobheni, kufanele zishintshwe njalo ngamakhilomitha ayi-1-20,000. Ezindaweni ezinothuli oluningi, umjikelezo wokufaka esikhundleni kufanele ufinyezwe. Futhi, qiniseka ukuthi isihlungi sivalwe kahle ukuze kuvinjelwe izinto zangaphandle noma umswakama ukungena.
Ukwehluleka ukushintsha isihlungi somoya semoto kuzoholela ekugugeni okukhulu kwenjini, ukusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli okwandisiwe, ukwehla kwamandla, kanye nekhwalithi yomoya engeyinhle ngaphakathi emotweni. Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, kungabangela amaphutha enjini.
Umonakalo oqondile enjinini
Ukuguguleka okusheshayo kwezingxenye ezibalulekile: Uthuli nokungcola okungena enjinini kusebenza njenge-"sandpaper", kuhlikihla i-piston, udonga lwesilinda, nama-valve, okubangela ukuklwebheka kanye nokusebenza kokuvala okunciphile. Ukwehluleka ukufaka isihlungi isikhathi eside kungandisa ukuguguleka kwesilinda izikhathi ezingu-8 kanye nokuguguleka kwendandatho ye-piston izikhathi ezingu-9. Ukuguguleka kwekhabhoni kanye nezingozi zamaphutha: Ukungcola okuxutshwe namafutha enjini kunciphisa ukusebenza kahle kokugcoba, okubangela ukuguguleka kwekhabhoni ekamelweni lokushisa. Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, kungabangela ukudonswa kwesilinda noma ukuvaleka kwendlela yokungenisa, okubangela ukukhanya kwamaphutha, nezindleko zokulungisa zifinyelela ezibalo ezinhlanu.
Izinkinga zokusebenza kwemoto kanye nezindleko zokusetshenziswa kwayo
Ukwehla okukhulu kwamandla: Ukuvaleka kwesihlungi kunciphisa umthamo wokungenisa ngamaphesenti angaphezu kuka-30, okuholela ekushiseni okunganele kukaphethiloli. Lokhu kubonakala njengokusheshisa okuhamba kancane, amandla anganele okukhuphuka, kanye nobunzima bokudlula. Ukusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli kuyanda ngo-10% - 15%: Injini ivala ukuntuleka kwamandla ngokufaka uphethiloli owengeziwe. Izilinganiso zangempela zibonisa ukuthi ngemva kokushintsha isihlungi esisha, ukusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli ngamakhilomitha ayi-100 kungancishiswa ngamalitha angu-0.8.
Ukwanda kokungcola komoya okhipha ukungcola: Uphethiloli ongashiswanga ukhiqiza amagesi okukhipha ugesi ayingozi kakhulu, njenge-carbon monoxide nama-hydrocarbon.
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