Isici sokuhlunga uwoyela isihlungi samafutha. Umsebenzi wesihlungi sikawoyela ukuhlunga ama-sundries, izinsini kanye nomswakama emafutheni, nokuletha amafutha ahlanzekile engxenyeni ngayinye yokugcoba.
Ukuze kuncishiswe ukumelana nokungqubuzana phakathi kwezingxenye ezinyakazayo enjinini futhi kuncishiswe ukuguga kwezingxenye, uwoyela uhanjiswa ngokuqhubekayo endaweni engqubuzanayo yengxenye ngayinye ehambayo ukuze akhe ifilimu yamafutha okugcoba ukuze kugcotshwe. Amafutha enjini ngokwawo aqukethe inani elithile le-gum, ukungcola, umswakama kanye nezithasiselo. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, phakathi nenqubo yokusebenza kwenjini, ukwethulwa kwemfucumfucu yokugqoka kwensimbi, ukungena kwemfucumfucu emoyeni, nokukhiqizwa kwama-oxide kawoyela kwenza imfucumfucu emafutheni yande kancane kancane. Uma amafutha angena ngokuqondile kumjikelezo kawoyela wokugcoba ngaphandle kokuhlunga, ama-sundries aqukethwe emafutheni azolethwa endaweni yokungqubuzana kwebhangqa elihambayo, okuzosheshisa ukuguga kwezingxenye futhi kunciphise impilo yesevisi yenjini.
Ngenxa ye-viscosity ephezulu kawoyela ngokwawo kanye nokuqukethwe okuphezulu kokungcola emafutheni, ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukusebenza kahle kokuhlunga, isihlungi sikawoyela ngokuvamile sinamazinga amathathu, okungukuthi isihlungi sokuqoqa uwoyela, isihlungi esimahhadla uwoyela nesihlungi esihle sikawoyela. . Isihlungi sifakwa epanini likawoyela phambi kwephampu kawoyela, futhi ngokuvamile siwuhlobo lwesihlungi sensimbi. Isihlungi sikawoyela ongahluziwe sifakwe ngemuva kwephampu kawoyela futhi sixhunywe ngochungechunge nephaseji likawoyela eliyinhloko. Kukhona ikakhulukazi uhlobo lwe-metal scraper, uhlobo lwesihlungi se-sawdust kanye nohlobo lwephepha lokuhlunga le-microporous. Manje kusetshenziswa kakhulu uhlobo lwephepha lokuhlunga le-microporous. Isihlungi esihle sikawoyela sifakwe ngokuhambisana nephaseji likawoyela eliyinhloko ngemva kwephampu kawoyela. Kukhona ikakhulukazi izinhlobo ezimbili zohlobo lwephepha lokuhlunga le-microporous kanye nohlobo lwe-rotor. Isihlungi esihle samafutha ohlobo lwe-rotor samukela ukuhlunga kwe-centrifugal ngaphandle kwesici sokuhlunga, okuxazulula ngempumelelo ukungqubuzana phakathi kokudlula uwoyela nokusebenza kahle kokuhlunga.
Indima yesihlungi
Ngokuvamile kunezinhlobo ezine zezihlungi zamaqembu enjini kadizili: isihlungi somoya, isihlungi sikadizili, isihlungi sikawoyela, isihlungi samanzi, okulandelayo kwethula isihlungi sikadizili.
Isihlungi: Isihlungi sesethi yejeneretha yedizili siyisisetshenziswa esikhethekile sokuhlunga ngaphambili samafutha edizili asetshenziswa ezinjinini ezivuthayo zangaphakathi. Ingakwazi ukuhlunga ngaphezu kuka-90% wokungcola kwemishini, ama-colloid, ama-asphaltene, njll. Thuthukisa impilo yenjini. Udizili ongcolile uzodala ukuguga nokudabuka okungavamile kwesistimu yokujova uphethiloli wenjini namasilinda, unciphise amandla enjini, ukhuphule ukusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli ngokushesha, futhi unciphise kakhulu impilo yesevisi yejeneretha. Ukusetshenziswa kwezihlungi zikadizili kungathuthukisa kakhulu ukunemba kokuhlunga nokusebenza kahle kwezinjini kusetshenziswa izihlungi zikadizili ezizwakalayo, kwelule impilo yezihlungi zikadizili eziphuma kwamanye amazwe ezisezingeni eliphezulu izikhathi ezimbalwa, futhi kube nemiphumela esobala yokonga uphethiloli. Usifaka kanjani isihlungi sikadizili: Isihlungi sikadizili kulula kakhulu ukusifaka, vele usixhume kulayini wokuphakela uwoyela ngochungechunge ngokuya ngezindawo zokungena zikawoyela ezibekelwe kanye nezimbobo zokuphuma. Naka ukuxhumana ngendlela ekhonjiswe umcibisholo, futhi isiqondiso se-oyili yokungena kanye ne-outlet ayikwazi ukuhlehliswa. Lapho usebenzisa futhi ushintsha isici sokuhlunga okokuqala, isihlungi se-diesel kufanele sigcwaliswe ngamafutha edizili, futhi ukunaka kufanele kukhokhwe ekukhipheni. I-valve yokukhipha i-exhaust isesembozweni sokugcina somphongolo.
Isihlungi samafutha
Ifakwa kanjani esikhundleni sesici sokuhlunga: Ngaphansi kokusetshenziswa okuvamile, uma i-alamu yengcindezi ehlukile yama-alamu edivayisi yokuhlunga noma ukusetshenziswa okunqwabelanayo kudlula amahora angu-300, isici sokuhlunga kufanele sishintshwe.
Indlela yokufaka esikhundleni sesici sokuhlunga: 1. Ukushintshwa kwesici sokuhlunga sedivayisi yokuhlunga kwangaphambili yomphongolo owodwa: a. Vala i-valve yebhola le-inlet kawoyela bese uvula ikhava yokuphela engenhla. (Isembozo esiphezulu sohlobo lwe-aluminium alloy sidinga ukucijwa kahle kusuka esikhaleni esiseceleni nge-screwdriver ye-flat-blade); b. Khipha ipulaki yocingo lokukhipha indle ukuze ukhiphe uwoyela wendle; c. Khulula inathi elibophayo engxenyeni engenhla yesici sokuhlunga, futhi u-opharetha ugqoke into evimbela uwoyela Bamba into yokuhlunga uyiqinise ngamagilavu, bese ususa isici sokuhlunga esidala sibheke phezulu; d. Faka esikhundleni sesici esisha sokuhlunga, pheqa indandatho engaphezulu yokuvala (enegasket yayo yokuvala ekugcineni engezansi), bese uqinisa nati; f. Qinisa intambo yokuxhuma yepayipi lendle bese uvala ikhava engaphezulu (Naka ukupheca indandatho yokuvala), bese ubopha amabhawodi. 2. Ukushintshwa kwesici sokuhlunga sedivayisi yokuhlunga yangaphambili ye-double barrel: a. Okokuqala vala i-valve yokufaka uwoyela yesihlungi ohlangothini olulodwa lwesici sokuhlunga esidinga ukushintshwa, vala i-valve yokukhipha uwoyela ngemva kwemizuzu embalwa, bese uqaqa amabhawodi ekhava yokugcina bese uvula ikhava yokuphela; b. Vula i-valve yokuthuthwa kwendle ukuze ukhiphe ngokuphelele amafutha angcolile futhi uvimbele amafutha angcolile ukuthi angangeni ekamelweni lamafutha ahlanzekile lapho isici sokuhlunga sishintshwa; c. Khulula inadi eliqinisayo engxenyeni engenhla yesici sokuhlunga, u-opharetha ugqoka amagilavu angamelana nowoyela ukuze abambe into yokuhlunga ngokuqinile, futhi asuse isici sokuhlunga esidala sibheke phezulu; c. Faka esikhundleni isici esisha sokuhlunga, vala indandatho engaphezulu yokuvala (indawo engezansi ine-gasket yayo yokuvala), bese uqinisa nati; d. Vala i-valve yokukhipha amanzi, vala ikhava engenhla (naka ukupheqa indandatho yokuvala), bese ubopha amabhawodi. E. Vula ivalvu yokukhipha uwoyela kuqala, bese uvula ivalve yokukhipha uwoyela, vala ivalvu yokukhipha uwoyela ngokushesha lapho uwoyela ephuma ku-valve yokukhipha uwoyela, bese uvula ivalvu yokukhipha uwoyela; bese usebenzisa isihlungi ngakolunye uhlangothi ngendlela efanayo.
Isihlungi se-generator
Isihlungi somoya se-generator: Ngokuyinhloko iyithuluzi elidonsa umoya elihluza izinhlayiya nokungcola okusemoyeni okuhogelwe lapho isethi yejeneretha yepiston isebenza. Iqukethe isici sokuhlunga kanye negobolondo. Izidingo eziyinhloko zesihlungi somoya ukusebenza kahle kokuhlunga, ukumelana nokugeleza okuphansi, nokusetshenziswa okuqhubekayo isikhathi eside ngaphandle kokugcinwa. Uma isethi ye-generator isebenza, uma umoya ophefumulayo uqukethe uthuli nokunye ukungcola, kuzokwandisa ukuguga kwezingxenye, ngakho-ke isihlungi somoya kufanele sifakwe.
Kunezindlela ezi-3 zokuhlunga komoya: uhlobo lwe-inertia, uhlobo lokuhlunga kanye nohlobo lokugeza uwoyela:
Uhlobo lwe-inertial: Njengoba ukuminyana kwezinhlayiya nokungcola kungaphezu kwalokho komoya, lapho izinhlayiya nokungcola kuzungeza nomoya noma kwenza amajika abukhali, amandla aphakathi nendawo angakwazi ukuhlukanisa ukungcola nokugeleza komoya.
Uhlobo lwesihlungi: qondisa umoya ukuthi ugeleze esikrinini sesihlungi sensimbi noma ephepheni lokuhlunga, njll., ukuze uvimbele izinhlayiya nokungcola futhi unamathele kusici sokuhlunga.
Uhlobo lokugeza uwoyela: Kunepani likawoyela ezansi kwesihlungi somoya, elisebenzisa ukugeleza komoya ukuze lithinte uwoyela ngokushesha, lihlukanise izinhlayiya nokungcola nezinti emafutheni, futhi amaconsi kawoyela anyakazayo ageleza entweni yokuhlunga ngokugeleza komoya. futhi unamathele emafutheni. engxenyeni yokuhlunga. Lapho umoya ugeleza entweni yokuhlunga, ungaqhubeka udonsa ukungcola, ukuze ufeze injongo yokuhlunga.
Umjikelezo wokushintsha kwesihlungi somoya sesethi yejeneretha: isethi evamile yejeneretha ishintshwa kanye njalo emahoreni angama-500 okusebenza; isethi yejeneretha ebekwe eceleni ishintshwa kanye njalo emahoreni angama-300 noma izinyanga eziyi-6. Lapho isethi yejeneretha ngokuvamile igcinwa, ingasuswa futhi iqhunyiswe ngesibhamu somoya, noma umjikelezo wokushintsha unganwetshwa ngamahora angu-200 noma izinyanga ezintathu.
Izidingo zokuhlunga zezihlungi: Izihlungi ezikhiqizwa amafekthri angempela ziyadingeka, kodwa zingahle zingabi amabhrendi amakhulu, kodwa eziwumgunyathi nezingaqinile akumele zisetshenziswe.
