Ukuhlolwa kwe-relayrelay Relay iyithuluzi elibalulekile lemitha kagesi ekhokhelwa kuqala ehlakaniphile.Impilo ye-relay inquma impilo yemitha kagesi ngezinga elithile.Ukusebenza kwedivayisi kubaluleke kakhulu ekusebenzeni kwemitha kagesi wekhadi ehlakaniphile.Kodwa-ke, kunabakhiqizi abaningi basekhaya nabangaphandle, abahluke kakhulu esikalini sokukhiqiza, izinga lobuchwepheshe kanye nemingcele yokusebenza.Ngakho-ke, abakhiqizi bamamitha kagesi kufanele babe nesethi yemishini ehlonza kahle lapho behlola futhi bekhetha ama-relay ukuze kuqinisekiswe ikhwalithi yamamitha kagesi.Ngaso leso sikhathi, i-State Grid iphinde yaqinisa ukutholwa kwesampula kwemingcele yokusebenza kwe-relay kumamitha kagesi ahlakaniphile, okudinga futhi imishini yokuhlonza ehambisanayo ukuze kuhlolwe ikhwalithi yamamitha kagesi akhiqizwa abakhiqizi abahlukene.Kodwa-ke, okokusebenza kokutholwa kwe-relay akunayo nje into eyodwa yokutholwa, inqubo yokuthola ayikwazi ukuzenzela, idatha yokuthola idinga ukucutshungulwa futhi ihlaziywe mathupha, futhi imiphumela yokuthola inokungahleliwe okuhlukahlukene kanye nokwenziwa.Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukusebenza kahle kokuhlonza kuphansi futhi ukuphepha akunakuqinisekiswa [7]. Kule minyaka emibili edlule, i-State Grid iye yalinganisa kancane kancane izidingo zobuchwepheshe zamamitha kagesi, yakha amazinga afanele embonini kanye nemininingwane yobuchwepheshe, okubeka phambili ubunzima obuthile bezobuchwepheshe. ukuze kutholwe ipharamitha edluliselwe, njengokulayisha nokuvala umthamo we-relay, ukuhlolwa kwezici zokushintsha, njll. Ngakho-ke, kuyaphuthuma ukutadisha idivayisi ukuze uthole ukutholwa okuphelele kwamapharamitha okusebenza kwe-relay [7].Ngokuvumelana nezidingo zemingcele yokusebenza kwe-relay. test, izinto zokuhlola zingahlukaniswa izigaba ezimbili.Enye yezinto zokuhlola ezingenawo amandla amanje, njengenani lesenzo, ukumelana nokuxhumana nokuphila kokusebenza.Eyesibili inezinto zokuhlola zamanje, ezifana ne-voltage yokuxhumana, impilo kagesi, umthamo wokugcwala kakhulu.Izinto zokuhlola eziyinhloko zethulwa kafushane kanje :(1) inani lesenzo.I-voltage iyadingeka ekusebenzeni kokudlulisela.(2) Ukumelana nokuxhumana.Inani lokumelana phakathi koxhumana nabo ababili lapho kuvalwa ugesi.(3) Impilo yobumishini.Izingxenye zemishini uma kungekho monakalo, inani lezikhathi lapho isenzo sokushintsha i-relay.(4) I-voltage yokuxhumana.Uma ukuthintana kukagesi kuvaliwe, umthamo othile wamanje usetshenziswa kusekethe yokuxhumana kagesi kanye nenani likagesi phakathi koxhumana nabo.(5) Impilo kagesi.Lapho i-voltage elinganisiwe isetshenziswa kuzo zombili iziphetho zekhoyili yokushayela edluliselwe futhi umthwalo okaliwe we-resistive usetshenziswa ku-loop yokuxhumana, umjikelezo ungaphansi kwezikhathi ezingama-300 ngehora futhi umjikelezo womsebenzi u-1∶4, izikhathi ezithembekile zokusebenza udlulise.(6) Umthamo wokugcwala.Lapho i-voltage elinganiselwe isetshenziswa kuzo zombili iziphetho zekhoyili yokushayela ye-relay futhi izikhathi ezingu-1.5 zomthwalo olinganiselwe zisetshenziswa ku-loop yokuxhumana, izikhathi zokusebenza ezinokwethenjelwa ze-relay zingafinyelelwa ngemvamisa yokusebenza (10±1) izikhathi/min. [7].Izinhlobo, isibonelo, izinhlobo eziningi ezahlukene zokudlulisa, zingahlukaniswa ngesivinini sokufakwayo kwe-voltage edluliselwe, ukudluliselwa kwamanje, ukudluliswa kwesikhathi, ukudluliswa kwemali, ukudluliswa kwengcindezi, njll., ngokomgomo womsebenzi zingahlukaniswa zibe yi-electromagnetic. i-relay, i-induction type relay, i-relay kagesi, i-electronic relay, njll., ngokuvumelana nenhloso ingahlukaniswa ibe i-relay yokulawula, ukuvikelwa kwe-relay, njll., Ngokwefomu eliguquguqukayo lokufaka lingahlukaniswa libe i-relay kanye ne-relay yokulinganisa.[8]Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi i-relay isekelwe ebukhoneni noma ekungabi bikho kokufaka, i-relay ayisebenzi lapho kungekho okokufaka, isenzo sokudlulisa lapho kunokufakwayo, okufana nokudluliswayo okumaphakathi, ukudluliswa okujwayelekile, ukudluliswa kwesikhathi, njll. [8] ]I-relay yokulinganisa isekelwe ekushintsheni kokufaka, okokufaka kuhlala kukhona lapho kusebenza, kuphela uma okokufaka kufinyelela inani elithile le-relay kuzosebenza, njenge-relay yamanje, i-voltage relay, i-thermal relay, i-speed relay, i-pressure relay, i-liquid level relay, njll.. [8]I-electromagnetic relay umdwebo wesakhiwo se-electromagnetic relay Eningi lamasekethe asetshenziswa kumasekhethi okulawula ama-relay kagesi.I-electromagnetic relay inezici zesakhiwo esilula, intengo ephansi, ukusebenza okulula nokugcinwa, umthamo omncane wokuxhumana (imvamisa engaphansi kwe-SA), inani elikhulu loxhumana nabo futhi awekho amaphuzu ayinhloko nayisizayo, akukho divayisi yokucisha i-arc, usayizi omncane, isenzo esisheshayo nesinembile, ukulawula okubucayi, okuthembekile, nokunye.Isetshenziswa kabanzi ohlelweni lokulawula i-low-voltage.Ama-relay kagesi asetshenziswa ngokujwayelekile ahlanganisa ama-relay amanje, ama-voltage relay, ama-intermediate relay kanye nama-relay amancane ahlukahlukene.[8]Isakhiwo sokudluliswa kwe-electromagnetic kanye nesimiso sokusebenza siyafana nesixhumi esithintayo, ikakhulukazi sakhiwe indlela kagesi kanye nokuxhumana.I-electromagnetic relay inokubili i-DC ne-AC.I-voltage noma i-current yengezwa kuzo zombili iziphetho zekhoyili ukuze kukhiqizwe amandla kazibuthe kagesi.Uma amandla kazibuthe kagesi emakhulu kunamandla okusabela entwasahlobo, i-armature iyadonswa ukwenza othintana nabo abavame ukuvuleka nabavamise ukuvaleka banyakaze.Lapho i-voltage noma i-current yekhoyili yehla noma inyamalala, i-armature iyakhululwa futhi othintana naye usethwe kabusha.[8]I-Thermal relay I-Thermal relay isetshenziselwa kakhulu okokusebenza kukagesi (ikakhulukazi imoto) ukuvikela ukulayisha ngokweqile.I-Thermal relay iwuhlobo lomsebenzi osebenzisa isimiso samanje sokushisisa sezinto zikagesi, iseduze nemoto evumela izici zokugcwala ngokweqile kwezimpawu zesikhathi esiphambene, ikakhulukazi ezisetshenziswa kanye ne-contactor, esetshenziselwa ukulayisha ngokweqile kwe-asynchronous motor yezigaba ezintathu nokuvikela ukwehluleka kwesigaba ezintathu. -isigaba se-asynchronous motor ekusebenzeni kwangempela, zivame ukubhekana nazo ezibangelwa izizathu zikagesi noma zemishini ezifana nokwehluleka kwamanje, ukulayisha ngokweqile kanye nokwehluleka kwesigaba).Uma i-over current ingeyona ebucayi, ubude besikhathi bufushane, futhi ama-windings awadluli izinga lokushisa elivumelekile, lokhu kungaphezu kwamandla kuvunyelwe;Uma i-over-current ibucayi futhi ihlala isikhathi eside, izosheshisa ukuguga kwe-insulation ye-motor futhi ishise ngisho ne-motor.Ngakho-ke, idivayisi yokuvikela imoto kufanele imiswe kusekethe yemoto.Kunezinhlobo eziningi zemishini yokuvikela izimoto ezisetshenziswa kakhulu, futhi evame kakhulu i-metal plate thermal relay.Ipuleti lensimbi lohlobo oludluliswayo olushisayo luyisigaba ezintathu, kunezinhlobo ezimbili ezinokuvikelwa kwekhefu lesigaba nangaphandle.[8]Isikhathi esidluliselwe Isikhathi sisetshenziselwa ukulawula isikhathi kumjikelezo wokulawula.Uhlobo lwayo luningi kakhulu, ngokuya ngesimiso salo sesenzo lungahlukaniswa ngohlobo lwe-electromagnetic, uhlobo lwe-air damping, uhlobo lukagesi kanye nohlobo lwe-elekthronikhi, ngokuya ngemodi yokubambezeleka ingahlukaniswa ngokubambezeleka kokubambezeleka kwamandla kanye nokubambezeleka kokubambezeleka kwamandla.I-air damping time relay isebenzisa umgomo wokudambisa umoya ukuze kutholwe ukubambezeleka kwesikhathi, okuhlanganisa indlela kagesi, indlela yokubambezeleka kanye nesistimu yokuxhumana.I-electromagnetic mechanism iwumgogodla wensimbi osebenza kabili wohlobo lwe-E, isistimu yokuxhumana isebenzisa i-I-X5 micro switch, futhi indlela yokubambezeleka isebenzisa isidambisi-moya se-airbag.[8]ukwethembeka1.Umthelela wendawo ekuthembekeni kwe-relay: isikhathi esimaphakathi phakathi kokuhluleka kokudluliselwa okusebenza ku-GB ne-SF siphezulu kakhulu, sifinyelela ku-820,00h, kuyilapho ku-NU imvelo, i-600,00h kuphela.[9]2.Umthelela wezinga lekhwalithi ekuthembekeni kwe-relay: lapho kukhethwa ukudluliselwa kwebanga lekhwalithi le-A1, isikhathi esimaphakathi phakathi kokuhluleka singafinyelela ku-3660000h, kuyilapho isikhathi esimaphakathi phakathi kokuhluleka kokudluliselwa kwe-C-grade singu-110000, umehluko wezikhathi ezingu-33.Kungabonakala ukuthi izinga lekhwalithi lamalayidi anethonya elikhulu ekusebenzeni kwawo okuthembekile.[9]3, umthelela ekuthembekeni kwefomu lokuxhumana elidluliselwe: ifomu lokuxhumana elidluliselwe lizophinde lithinte ukuthembeka kwalo, ukuphonsa okukodwa ukwethembeka kohlobo oludluliswayo bekuphakeme kunenombolo yohlobo olufanayo lokuphonswa kabili kommese, ukwethembeka kunciphisa kancane kancane. ngokwanda kwenani lommese ngesikhathi esifanayo, isikhathi esimaphakathi phakathi kokuhluleka kwe-single-pole-throw relay imimese emine yokuphonsa kabili edluliselwe izikhathi ezingu-5.5.[9]4.Umthelela wohlobo lwesakhiwo ekuthembekeni kwe-relay: kunezinhlobo ezingu-24 zesakhiwo sokudlulisa, futhi uhlobo ngalunye lunomthelela ekuthembekeni kwalo.[9]5.Umthelela wezinga lokushisa ekuthembekeni kwe-relay: izinga lokushisa elisebenzayo le-relay liphakathi kuka -25 ℃ kanye no-70 ℃.Ngokukhuphuka kwezinga lokushisa, isikhathi esimaphakathi phakathi kokuhluleka kokudluliselana siyancipha kancane kancane.[9]6.Umthelela wezinga lokusebenza ekuthembekeni kwe-relay: Ngokukhuphuka kwezinga lokusebenza kwe-relay, isikhathi esimaphakathi phakathi kokwehluleka sibonisa ngokuyisisekelo ukuthambekela kokwehla okukhulu.Ngakho-ke, uma isifunda esiklanyelwe sidinga ukuthi i-relay isebenze ngezinga eliphezulu kakhulu, kuyadingeka ukuthi ubone ngokucophelela ukuhanjiswa ngesikhathi sokugcinwa kwesifunda ukuze kushintshwe ngesikhathi.[9]7.Umthelela wesilinganiso samanje ekuthembekeni kwe-relay: lokho okubizwa ngokuthi isilinganiso samanje isilinganiso somthwalo osebenzayo wamanje we-relay kuya kumthamo olinganiselwe wamanje.Isilinganiso samanje sinethonya elikhulu ekuthembekeni kwe-relay, ikakhulukazi uma isilinganiso samanje sikhulu kuno-0.1, isikhathi esimaphakathi phakathi kokwehluleka sincipha ngokushesha, kuyilapho isilinganiso samanje singaphansi kuka-0.1, isikhathi esimaphakathi phakathi kokwehluleka ngokuyisisekelo sihlala sinjalo. , ngakho-ke umthwalo onesilinganiso esiphezulu samanje kufanele ukhethwe ekwakhiweni kwesifunda ukuze kuncishiswe isilinganiso samanje.Ngale ndlela, ukwethembeka kwe-relay ngisho nesifunda sonke ngeke kuncishiswe ngenxa yokuguquguquka kokusebenza kwamanje.
