Ukushaya izinyo le-gearbox empeleni kuwukushayisana okunzima phakathi kwamagiya amabili ensimbi. Umphumela wokugcina usobala, okungukuthi, ingxenye yomqhele wezinyo wegiya ibangelwa ukuguguleka ngokushesha. Ngemva kwesikhathi eside nezikhathi eziningi, umqhele wezinyo wokuqala one-engeli yesokudla uzolimala. Gaya ube yikona eliyindilinga, ukuluma akupheleli ngemva kokungena egiya, futhi kulula ukulahlekelwa yigiya ngemva kokudlidliza okuncane. Ngalesi sikhathi, i-gearbox idinga ukulungiswa kabusha.
Ukushaya kwegiya
Ukushaya izinyo le-gearbox empeleni kuwukushayisana okunzima phakathi kwamagiya amabili ensimbi. Umphumela wokugcina usobala, okungukuthi, ingxenye yomqhele wezinyo wegiya ibangelwa ukuguguleka ngokushesha. Ngemva kwesikhathi eside nezikhathi eziningi, umqhele wezinyo wokuqala one-engeli yesokudla uzolimala. Gaya ube yikona eliyindilinga, ukuluma akupheleli ngemva kokungena egiya, futhi kulula ukulahlekelwa yigiya ngemva kokudlidliza okuncane. Ngalesi sikhathi, i-gearbox idinga ukulungiswa kabusha.
Isizathu
Amagiya egiya alimele ngenxa yokungasebenzi kahle. Ngokuphathelene namagiya egiya emoto, ngokuvamile kudingeka ukuthi unyathele i-clutch kuze kube sekupheleni ngesikhathi sokushintsha ngesandla, bese wenza umsebenzi wokushintsha. Uma ijubane lemoto nenjini kufana, khulula i-clutch bese uqedela ukushintsha kwegiya. Kungaphansi kwaziphi izimo lapho kulula khona ukushaya amazinyo? Ngokuvamile i-clutch ayikhumulwa ngokuphelele, futhi umsebenzi wokushintsha kwegiya uyenziwa. Akukhona nje umsindo wegiya owenzeka ngesikhathi sokushintsha kwegiya, kodwa futhi kulula ukubangela ukushayisana kwamazinyo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uma kukhona ukungcola okukhulu kumafutha okugcoba ku-gearbox, njengemicu yensimbi ebilokhu igqokwa isikhathi eside, uma igiya lijikeleza, uma libanjwe phakathi kwegiya lokudlulisa, futhi kulula nokubangela ukubhoboza kwamazinyo.
Kukhona idivayisi ebaluleke kakhulu ngaphakathi kwesakhiwo se-transmission ephathwayo, okuyi-"synchronizer". Umsebenzi we-synchronizer usobala kakhulu, okungukuthi, lapho ushintsha amagiya, ijubane legiya ekugcineni kokukhipha amandla lishesha kunegiya elizoshintshwa liye kuleli giya. Uma kungekho synchronizer, igiya elijikelezayo kancane lifakwa ngenkani egiya elisheshayo. Egiya elijikelezayo, isimo sokugwazwa kwamazinyo sizokwenzeka nakanjani.
Umsebenzi we-synchronizer ukwandisa ijubane legiya elizoshintshwa liye egiya ukuze lihambisane nejubane legiya eliphumayo lapho kwenzeka isenzo sokushintsha, ukuze kungabikho ukushaywa kwamazinyo lapho kushintsha.
Ngiyaqonda ukuthi kwenzeka into efana nokushaywa kwe-slaps, pho kungani izimoto eziningi zingenazo izihlikihli lapho zishayela phambili, kodwa zishaya ngokushesha nje lapho zisegiya elibuyela emuva? Lokho kungenxa yokuthi igiya elibuyela emuva lamamodeli amaningi alinawo umshini wokuvumelanisa i-reverse gear, ngoba ngokomqondo womenzi, igiya elibuyela emuva lidinga ukumiswa ngokuphelele bese lifakwa, futhi ithuba lokulisebenzisa lincane kakhulu, ngakho-ke ukuze kube lula ukwakheka kwegiya legiya futhi Ngenhloso yokonga izindleko, ama-transmission amaningi aphakathi naphansi awekho ama-synchronizer abuyela emuva afakwe kumagiya awo abuyela emuva.
Ama-transmission aphathwayo angenayo i-reverse synchronizer azoba nomkhuba wokufaka igiya elibuyela emuva kanye namazinyo ashayayo. Yiqiniso, lokhu kuhlobene kakhulu nemikhuba yokusebenzisa yomsebenzisi, ngoba igiya elibuyela emuva ngokwalo alinawo i-synchronizer, futhi imoto idinga ukumiswa ngokuphelele ukuze kuncishiswe ijubane lokukhipha amandla kugiya elibuyela emuva (igiya elibuyela emuva aliguquki ngalesi sikhathi). ) Umehluko wesivinini phakathi kwe-) uba mncane, ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi igiya elibuyela emuva libushelelezi futhi akukho ukushaywa kwamazinyo. Abasebenzisi abaningi bagijimela kugiya elibuyela emuva ngokushesha ngaphambi kokuba imoto imiswe, okuzokwenza ukuthi igiya elibuyela emuva elingenayo i-synchronizer lilimale kakhulu, futhi kuzokwenzeka ukushaywa kwamazinyo.
Izingozi zokubola kwamazinyo
Ukushaya amazinyo empeleni kuwukushayisana okunzima phakathi kwamagiya amabili ensimbi. Umphumela wokugcina usobala, okungukuthi, ingxenye yomqhele wegiya izoguga ngokushesha. Ngemva kwesikhathi eside nezikhathi eziningi, umqhele we-engeli efanele uzogaywa. Uba yikona eliyindilinga, futhi ukuluma akupheleli ngemva kokungena egiya. Kulula ukulahlekelwa yigiya ngemva kokudlidliza okuncane. Ngalesi sikhathi, i-gearbox idinga ukulungiswa kabusha.
Gwema ukujiya okuphambene
Ukumisa imoto ngokuphelele ngaphambi kokubuyela emuva kuyindlela engcono kakhulu yokuvimbela ukugoba kwegiya. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, qiniseka ukuthi unyathela i-clutch kuze kube sekugcineni, futhi akumelwe unyathele i-clutch phakathi nendawo ngoba uvilapha, okuzobangela ukugoba okukhulu kwegiya elibuyela emuva. Izinyo, noma ngabe kukhona igiya eliya phambili eline-synchronizer, ungabi yizinkolelo-ze kakhulu. I-synchronizer izokwenza igiya lishintshe kahle kakhulu. Uma ungayicindezeli kahle i-clutch, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi i-synchronizer inhle kangakanani, ngeke ikwazi ukumelana nomehluko omkhulu wejubane. Ukuguguleka kuzosheshiswa ngokwejiyometri.
I-Atlas Yokungena
